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Energy Savings Through the Use of Natural Daylighting 利用自然采光节约能源
BEEM(建筑能源估算模块)是一个简单的手工计算程序,用于计算与窗户相关的建筑能源影响,包括采光、电气照明、冷却和加热能源。它是在之前的ASHRAE研究项目下开发的。本文报告了使用DOE 2.1b能量预测计算机程序进行的后续推导和成功验证。填空程序也适用于微型计算机,由建筑师和工程师创建用于建筑示意图设计阶段,以便对玻璃类型和尺寸以及采光控制做出早期定量设计决策。其中包括计算给定窗户的室内采光水平,以及窗户相对于实心墙的年度照明、冷却和加热能源成本。计算6月21日和12月21日的工作场所采光水平和照明节约率。计算年度能源成本,以便比较各种开窗方案,以优化总体经济影响。 该程序需要大约30分钟来阅读说明,并完成一个窗口情况下的能量计算。后续计算需要10到15分钟;更改一个参数并重新计算大约需要5分钟。这个过程很容易在微型计算机上编码,这样的代码是用CP/M编写的。有长格式(带有有用的叙述)和短格式(用于后续更快的计算)。
BEEM (Building Energy Estimation Module) is a simple hand-calculation procedure to calculate window-related building energy impacts, including daylighting electric lighting, cooling, and heating energy. It was developed under a previous ASHRAE research project. Reported here are subsequent derivations and successful validation using DOE 2.1b energy prediction computer program.The fill-in-the-blanks procedure, also adapted to micro-computers, was created for use in the schematic building design stage by architects and engineers to make early quantitative design decisions on glazing types and sizes, and on daylighting controls. Included are the calculation of interior daylighting levels due to a given window as well as the yearly lighting, cooling, and heating energy costs due to the window relative to a solid wall. Workplace daylighting level and lighting-savings-fraction are calculated for both June 21 and December 21. Yearly energy cost is calculated so that various fenestration alternatives can be compared for optimizing the total economic impact.The procedure requires about 30 minutes for reading instructions and completing an energy calculation for one window situation. Subsequent calculations take 10 to 15 minutes; changing one parameter and re-calculating requires about 5 minutes. The procedure is easily coded on a micro-computer and such a code has been prepared using CP/M. Both a long form (with helpful narrative) and a short form (for subsequent faster calculations) are available.
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