1.1 本标准推荐了通常用于测量步态、平衡和其他活动期间地面反作用力的多轴力平台的性能验证实践。 1.1.1 本标准提供了一种方法，用于量化制造商定义的空间工作面和指定的力操作范围内施加的输入力和力平台输出信号之间的关系。 1.1.2 本标准提供了量化多轴测力平台性能所需的关键参数的定义以及测量参数的方法。 1.1.3 本标准介绍了在离散空间间隔和平台工作表面上的离散力水平下，力平台的空间分布误差和绝对测量性能的量化方法。 1.1.4 本标准进一步定义了某些重要的推导参数，尤其是COP（压力中心），以及量化和报告这些推导参数在力平台工作范围内的空间间隔和力水平的测量性能的方法。 1.1.5 本标准规定了适用于表征部队平台性能的报告的要求，并提供可追溯的文件，由制造商或校准机构分发给此类平台的用户。 1.1.6 将力平台纳入其他设备（如仪器跑步机和楼梯）的动态特性和应用超出了本标准的范围。 1.1.7 本标准是为多轴力平台验证而编写的。然而，这些方法和程序适用于制造商对力平台的校准。 1.2 以国际单位制表示的数值应视为标准。其他公制和英制磅值在需要时视为等效值。 1.3 本标准并非旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如有）。本标准的使用者有责任在使用前制定适当的安全、健康和环境实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。 1.4 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认的标准化原则制定的。 ====意义和用途====== 5.1 多轴测力平台用于测量受试者的脚或鞋与支撑地面之间的界面处产生的地面反作用力。这些平台用于从研究实验室到医疗机构的各种环境。在步态分析中，力平台的使用变得尤为重要，临床评估已成为一项收费的临床服务。 5.2 特别重要的是力量平台在脑瘫治疗中的应用 ( 1. , 2. ) . 3. 估计有8000至10人 每年出生的000名婴儿将患CP ( 3. ) 而今天受影响的人口超过764人 000名患者 ( 4. ) 使用力平台和运动捕捉系统的定量步态分析为评估脑瘫儿童的病理机制提供了一个有价值的工具。这种类型的机械评估为治疗神经肌肉疾病提供了定量基础。换句话说，手术决策在一定程度上是由使用力平台测量获得的信息指导的 ( 5. , 6. ) . 5.3 另一个应用是脊柱裂的治疗。根据步态和临床运动分析协会（GCMAS）的说法 ( 7. ) ，仪器步态分析是脊柱裂继发步态异常儿童的专家护理标准。步态诊断分析的主要目的是确定神经管缺陷与步态相关的病理后果。仪器步态分析的使用使医生能够确定哪种手术或非手术干预措施将提供最佳结果。 5.4 最近，力平台已被用于TKA（全膝关节置换术）和THA（全髋关节置换手术）患者的术前和术后评估。这样的数据提供了外科手术的机械结果的客观测量。 5.5 除了临床应用外，还有许多医学和人体性能研究活动依赖于使用多轴力平台测量仪器精确测量地面反作用力。 5.6 作为一个标准组织，ASTM在历史上为力传感器和力测量仪器的校准提供了卓越的标准。然而，力平台不同于力传感器。力平台通常提供大的主动工作表面，而力换能器或多或少提供与载荷施加环境的单点相互作用。此外，力平台通常提供六轴测量，预计将用于导致- 轴向载荷。

1.1 This standard recommends practices for performance verification of multi-axis force platforms commonly used for measuring ground reaction forces during gait, balance, and other activities. 1.1.1 This standard provides a method to quantify the relationship between applied input force and force platform output signals across the manufacturer’s defined spatial working surface and specified force operating range. 1.1.2 This standard provides definitions of the critical parameters necessary to quantify the behavior of multi-axis force measuring platforms and the methods to measure the parameters. 1.1.3 This standard presents methods for the quantification of spatially distributed errors and absolute measuring performance of the force platform at discrete spatial intervals and discrete force levels on the working surface of the platform. 1.1.4 This standard further defines certain important derived parameters, notably COP (center of pressure) and methods to quantify and report the measuring performance of such derived parameters at spatial intervals and force levels across the working range of the force platform. 1.1.5 This standard defines the requirements for a report suitable to characterize the force platform’s performance and provide traceable documentation to be distributed by the manufacturer or calibration facility to the users of such platforms. 1.1.6 Dynamic characteristics and applications where the force platform is incorporated in other equipment, such as instrumented treadmills and stairs, are beyond the scope of this standard. 1.1.7 This standard is written for purposes of multi-axis force platform verification. However, the methods and procedures are applicable to calibration of force platforms by manufacturers. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. Other metric and inch-pound values are regarded as equivalent when required. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 5.1 Multi-axis force measuring platforms are used to measure the ground reaction forces produced at the interface between a subject's foot or shoe and the supporting ground surface. These platforms are used in various settings ranging from research laboratories to healthcare facilities. The use of force platforms has become particularly important in gait analysis where clinical evaluations have become a billable clinical service. 5.2 Of particular importance is the application of force platforms in the treatment of cerebral palsy (CP) ( 1 , 2 ) . 3 An estimated 8000 to 10 000 infants born each year will develop CP ( 3 ) while today’s affected population is over 764 000 patients ( 4 ) . Quantitative gait analysis, using force platforms and motion capture systems, provides a valuable tool in evaluating the pathomechanics of children with CP. This type of mechanical evaluation provides a quantitative basis for treating neuromuscular conditions. In other words, surgical decisions are in part guided by information gained from the use of force platform measurements ( 5 , 6 ) . 5.3 Another application is treatment of spina bifida. According to the Gait and Clinical Movement Analysis Society (GCMAS) ( 7 ) , an instrumented gait analysis is the standard of expert care for children with gait abnormalities secondary to spina bifida. The main objective of diagnostic gait analysis is to define the pathological consequences of neural tube defects as they relate to gait. The use of instrumented gait analysis allows physicians to determine which surgical or non-surgical interventions would provide the best outcome. 5.4 More recently, force platforms have been used for pre- and post-surgical evaluation of TKA (total knee arthroplasty) and THA (total hip arthroplasty) patients. Such data provides an objective measure of the mechanical outcome of the surgical procedure. 5.5 In addition to the clinical applications there are numerous medical and human performance research activities which rely on accurate measurement of ground reaction forces by using multi-axis force platform measurement instruments. 5.6 As a standards organization, ASTM has historically provided excellent standards for the calibration of force transducers and force-measuring instrumentation. Force platforms, however, are different from force transducers. Force platforms typically provide a large active working surface, whereas force transducers provide more or less a single point of interaction with the load-applying environment. Moreover, force platforms typically provide six-axis measurements and are expected to be used in environments causing multi-axial loading.