1.1 本规程涵盖了用于评估颗粒活性炭（GAC）对水中可溶性污染物的吸附的试验方法。该实践可用于估算原始和活化颗粒活性炭的操作能力。小规模柱试验的结果可用于预测目标化合物在大柱或全尺寸吸附器应用中在活性炭上的吸附。 1.2 本规程适用于所有类型的水，包括合成污染水（通过高浓度加料制备）- 含有选定污染物的纯净水）、饮用水、工业废水、生活垃圾和废水。 1.3 这种做法有助于确定水中特定污染物的穿透曲线，确定吸附质传质区（MTZ）的长度，以及预测大型吸附器的GAC使用率。 1.4 以下安全注意事项适用于程序部分，第 10 ，本惯例: 本标准并非旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如有）。 本标准的用户有责任在使用前制定适当的安全、健康和环境实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。 1.5 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒（TBT）委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认标准化原则制定的。 ====意义和用途====== 5.1 颗粒活性炭（GAC）通常用于去除水中的污染物。然而，如果使用不当，GAC不仅价格昂贵，而且有时可能无效。开发全尺寸吸附器设计的工程数据通常需要耗时且昂贵的中试工厂研究。该快速标准实践已开发用于根据小柱测试结果预测大型吸附器中的吸附。与中试工厂研究相反，本实践中提出的小规模柱试验不允许对可能随时间影响GAC性能的因素进行运行评估。 例如，这些因素可能包括细菌定植GAC对目标化合物的去除增加 3. 或由无机化合物或背景有机物引起的GAC长期污染。 4. 然而，这种做法提供了比等温线测试更相关的操作数据，没有中试工厂研究的主要缺点，即时间和费用；与中试工厂研究不同，小规模研究可以在实验室中使用从偏远地区采集的水进行。 5.2 这种做法被称为快速小- 比例柱试验（RSSCT）使用空床接触时间（EBCT）和水力负荷来描述吸附过程。平均碳粒径用于衡量RSSCT结果，以预测全尺寸吸附器的性能。 5.3 该实践可用于比较不同活性炭去除普通水流中污染物的有效性。

1.1 This practice covers a test method for the evaluation of granular activated carbon (GAC) for the adsorption of soluble pollutants from water. This practice can be used to estimate the operating capacities of virgin and reactivated granular activated carbons. The results obtained from the small-scale column testing can be used to predict the adsorption of target compounds on GAC in a large column or full-scale adsorber application. 1.2 This practice can be applied to all types of water including synthetically contaminated water (prepared by spiking high-purity water with selected contaminants), potable waters, industrial wastewaters, sanitary wastes, and effluent waters. 1.3 This practice is useful for the determination of breakthrough curves for specific contaminants in water, the determination of the lengths of the adsorbates mass transfer zones (MTZ), and the prediction of GAC usage rates for larger scale adsorbers. 1.4 The following safety caveat applies to the procedure section, Section 10 , of this practice: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 5.1 Granular activated carbon (GAC) is commonly used to remove contaminants from water. However if not used properly, GAC can not only be expensive but can at times be ineffective. The development of engineering data for the design of full-scale adsorbers often requires time-consuming and expensive pilot plant studies. This rapid standard practice has been developed to predict adsorption in large-scale adsorbers based upon results from small column testing. In contrast to pilot plant studies, the small-scale column test presented in this practice does not allow for a running evaluation of factors that may affect GAC performance over time. Such factors may include, for example, an increased removal of target compounds by bacterial colonizing GAC 3 or long-term fouling of GAC caused by inorganic compounds or background organic matter. 4 Nevertheless, this practice offers more relevant operational data than isotherm testing without the principal drawbacks of pilot plant studies, namely time and expense; and unlike pilot plant studies, small-scale studies can be performed in a laboratory using water sampled from a remote location. 5.2 This practice known as the rapid small-scale column test (RSSCT) uses empty bed contact time (EBCT) and hydraulic loading to describe the adsorption process. Mean carbon particle diameter is used to scale RSSCT results to predict the performance of a full-scale adsorber. 5.3 This practice can be used to compare the effectiveness of different activated carbons for the removal of contaminants from a common water stream.