1.1 本指南旨在协助对油漆小碎片进行紫外线、可见光、近红外或荧光发射光谱分析的法医分析员或使用指南 E1610 ，因为本指南将与更广泛的分析方案结合使用。 1.2 本指南主要涉及可见光谱范围内的颜色测量，但也将包括有关UV和NIR光谱范围内测量的一些细节。每个分析员采用的特定方法取决于可用设备、考官培训（实践 E2917 , E3234 )、样本适用性和样本量。 1.3 本指南提供了有关微分光光度计的基本建议和信息。 1.4 本指南不涉及颜色评估的其他领域，例如通过其他形式的显微镜评估的色度值、油漆表面纹理或油漆膜内的颜料颗粒大小、形状或分散性。 1.5 本指南针对商业制备的油漆和涂料的颜色分析。它不涉及分析或确定艺术、历史或修复性颜料的来源，但在这些领域可能有用。 1.6 以国际单位制表示的数值应视为标准值。本标准不包括其他计量单位。 1.7 本标准旨在供受过必要的正规教育和专业培训的合格法医学从业人员使用（见实践） E2917 , E3234 )，并表现出熟练的司法案件处理能力。 1.8 本标准并非旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如有）。本标准的用户有责任在使用前制定适当的安全、健康和环境实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。 1.9 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒（TBT）委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认标准化原则制定的。 ====意义和用途====== 5.1 本指南旨在帮助分析员选择适当的样品制备方法和仪器参数，以分析和比较油漆颜料和颜色。当用于比较目的时，目标是确定样本之间是否存在任何排除性差异。 5.2 为了进行比较，可以通过反射光谱或透射光谱测量油漆样品光谱。 透射率测量通常是首选的，用于分析透明涂层中的紫外线吸收剂和详细分析不透明的效果颜料。通过荧光进行发射比较也是可以测量的。 5.3 本指南无意介绍MSP的综合理论和方法。在使用本指南之前，分析员有必要了解UV-Vis-NIR MSP和样本制备的一般概念。该信息可从制造商的参考资料、培训课程和参考资料（如Eyring）中获得 ( 1. ) , 3. 施特克莱因 ( 2. ) ，和Purcell ( 3. ) .

1.1 This guide is intended to assist forensic analysts who conduct UV, visible, NIR, or fluorescence emission spectral analyses on small fragments of paint or use Guide E1610 , as this guide is to be used in conjunction with a broader analytical scheme. 1.2 This guide deals primarily with color measurements within the visible spectral range but will also include some details concerning measurements in the UV and NIR spectral ranges. The particular method(s) employed by each analyst depends upon available equipment, examiner training (Practices E2917 , E3234 ), sample suitability, and sample size. 1.3 This guide provides basic recommendations and information about microspectrophotometers. 1.4 This guide does not address other areas of color evaluation such as colorimetric values, paint surface texture or pigment particle size, shape, or dispersion within a paint film that are evaluated by other forms of microscopy. 1.5 This guide is directed at the color analysis of commercially prepared paints and coatings. It does not address the analysis or determination of provenance of artistic, historical, or restorative paints, but it could be useful in those fields. 1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.7 This standard is intended for use by competent forensic science practitioners with the requisite formal education, discipline-specific training (see Practices E2917 , E3234 ), and demonstrated proficiency to perform forensic casework. 1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.9 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 5.1 This guide is designed to assist an analyst in the selection of appropriate sample preparation methods and instrumental parameters for the analysis and comparison of paint pigments and colors. When used for comparison purposes, the goal is to determine whether any exclusionary differences exist between the samples. 5.2 Paint sample spectra can be measured by reflectance or transmittance spectroscopy for comparison purposes. Transmittance measurements are generally preferred and are required for the analysis of UV absorbers in clear coats and the detailed analysis of effect pigments that are not opaque. Emission comparison by means of fluorescence is also measurable. 5.3 It is not the intention of this guide to present comprehensive theories and methods of MSP. It is necessary that the analyst have an understanding of UV-Vis-NIR MSP and general concepts of specimen preparation before using this guide. This information is available from manufacturers’ reference materials, training courses, and references such as Eyring ( 1 ) , 3 Stoecklein ( 2 ) , and Purcell ( 3 ) .