本文件提供了废水软化和处理的指导、评估和比较 工业废水回收和再利用的脱盐工艺 以下六个方面:1）化学沉淀；2） 离子交换；3） 纳滤；4） 反渗透 （RO）；5） 电渗析（ED）和电去离子（EDI）。本文件提供了以下方面的指导: 进水和出水质量（例如硬度、碱度等）的特征以及 这些过程取决于这些成分。 软化和脱盐的目的只是为了再利用 对硬度和盐度有要求的用途，如冷却循环水、锅炉水、， 生产工艺用水、清洗用水。购买本文件时可获得的所有当前修订均包含在购买本文件中。

This document provides guidance on, the evaluation and comparison of wastewater softening and desalination processes for industrial wastewater reclamation and reuse with specific consideration for the following six: 1) chemical precipitation; 2) ion exchange; 3) nanofiltration (NF); 4) reverse osmosis (RO); 5) electrodialysis (ED) and 6) electrodeionization (EDI). This document provides guidance on the characterisation of both influent and effluent quality (e.g. hardness, alkalinity, etc.) and the effects of these processes on those constituents. The purpose of softening and desalination is only for the reuse usages that have requirements for hardness and salinity, such as cooling circulating water, boiler water, production process water, and cleaning water.All current amendments available at time of purchase are included with the purchase of this document.