1.1 本规程涵盖了用于报告隔热材料、产品和材料以及相关系统和部件（隔热和未隔热）热财产的标准平均温度。 1.2 热财产应通过标准试验方法确定为温度的函数。（试验方法 1977年 , 第201页 , C335/C335米 , 第518页 , C745 , 第一百一十四条 , 第363页 指导 第653页 ，和实践 第687页 ，全部与实践相结合 第1045页 .) 注1: 需要标准参考材料来跨越测试的温度范围。 1.3 本规程建议使用标准试验方法测试和评估热财产（作为温度的函数）时使用的标准条件。 1.4 隔热材料的一般应用包括: 1.4.1 建筑围护结构， 1.4.2 机械系统或工艺，以及 1.4.3 建筑和工业绝缘。 1.5 以国际单位制或英寸磅单位表示的数值应单独视为标准。每个系统中规定的值可能不是精确的等效值；因此，每个系统应独立于其他系统使用。将两个系统的值组合在一起可能会导致不符合标准。 1.6 本标准并非旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如有）。本标准的使用者有责任在使用前制定适当的安全、健康和环境实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。 1.7 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认的标准化原则制定的。 ====意义和用途====== 4.1 测量和计算热财产的各种方法为制造商发布的信息、相关产品的比较以及设计师和用户评估特定应用的绝缘产品提供了数据和信息。出于这些目的，建议提供在标准温度条件下产生的基本数据和信息。 4.2 试样的热财产可能会随着平均温度、试样之间的温差以及高温暴露而变化。标准温度下的数据和信息对于有效比较热财产是必要的。 4.3 测量热财产的平均试验温度应从下列各项中选择 表1 建议在代表预期最终用途的平均温度范围内评估隔热材料的热财产。 在这种情况下，最低和最高平均温度需要在感兴趣的最高和最低平均温度的10°C以内。任何选择的平均温度的温差将取决于隔热应用（见适当的材料规范）、评估方法和设备的限制。ASTM材料规范要求的温差或相关温度条件应优先于本规范中建议的温差或温度条件。 （A） 本表中给出的以华氏度为单位的数值并不是以摄氏度为单位这些数值的精确转换。 4.3.1 标准条件是两个表面都暴露在固定的环境温度下，这是测试建筑结构的典型条件，包括隔热和非隔热( 表2 ). （A） 各种建筑结构面板的热传递财产为导热系数（U）和导热系数（C）。 （B） 摄氏度是标准温度。本表中给出的以华氏度为单位的数值并不是以摄氏度为单位给出的数值的精确转换。 （C） 除了正常的建筑内部环境温度之外的应用可能需要除所示之外的环境温度。可以使用适用于应用的环境温度从测试数据中确定热财产，但必须报告变化。 4.3.2 给出了两个表面的温度固定且不考虑表面系数的标准条件( 表3 ). （A） 隔热材料和系统的热财产，如热传递（T 吨 )，电导率（C）和表面传热系数（h 0 )根据热输入、热表面温度、冷表面温度和环境空气温度的测试测量值计算。 （B） 摄氏度是标准温度。以华氏度为单位的数值并不是以摄氏度为单位这些数值的精确转换。 （C） 除正常建筑内部环境温度之外的应用可能需要除所示之外的环境温度。应使用适用于应用的环境温度，根据测试数据确定热财产，但必须报告变化。 （D） 用于性能评估的温差的选择需要反映预期应用的实际温差。 4.3.3 对于只有一个表面的温度是固定的，而另一个表面暴露在固定的环境温度下的情况，使用 表1 . 4.4 必须说明这些条件，以准确描述隔热材料的热财产，例如导热系数与平均温度的关系。由于绝缘气体状态的变化而出现拐点的隔热层（参见 注释2 )，必须在足够小的温差下进行测试( 1. )冷热两方面以及( 2. )在平均温度之间。所使用的测试温差取决于所涉及气体的蒸汽压与温度的关系以及测试设备提供低温差的精确测量的能力。 注2: 某些闭孔蜂窝塑料绝缘材料就是这种类型的。

1.1 This practice covers standard mean temperatures for reporting thermal properties of thermal insulations, products, and materials, and of related systems and components, both insulated and uninsulated. 1.2 Thermal properties shall be determined as a function of temperature by standard test methods. (Test Methods C177 , C201 , C335/C335M , C518 , C745 , C1114 , C1363 , Guide C653 , and Practice C687 , all in combination with Practice C1045 .) Note 1: Standard referenced materials are needed to span the temperature range of the tests. 1.3 This practice recommends standard conditions for use in testing and evaluating thermal properties as a function of temperature by standard test methods. 1.4 General applications of thermal insulations include: 1.4.1 Building envelopes, 1.4.2 Mechanical systems or processes, and 1.4.3 Building and industrial insulations. 1.5 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard. 1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 4.1 The various methods for measuring and calculating thermal properties provide data and information for manufacturer's published information, for comparison of related products, and for designers and users to evaluate insulation products for particular applications. For these purposes it is advisable to provide basic data and information produced under standard temperature conditions. 4.2 It is possible that thermal properties of a specimen will change with mean temperature, with temperature difference across the specimens, and with high temperature exposure. Data and information at standard temperatures are necessary for valid comparison of thermal properties. 4.3 The mean test temperatures to measure thermal properties shall be selected from those listed in Table 1 . It is recommended that thermal properties of insulation materials be evaluated over a mean temperature range that represents the intended end use. For this situation, the lowest and greatest mean temperatures need to be within 10°C of the maximum and minimum mean temperature of interest. The temperature differences for any chosen mean temperature will depend upon both the thermal insulation application (see appropriate materials specification), the method of evaluation, and the limitations of the apparatus. Temperature differences or relevant temperature conditions required by ASTM material specifications shall take precedence over those recommended in this practice. (A) The values in degrees Fahrenheit given in this table are not intended to be exact conversions of those values in degrees Celsius. 4.3.1 Standard conditions are presented where both surfaces are exposed to fixed ambient temperatures that are typical for testing building constructions, both insulated and uninsulated ( Table 2 ). (A) Thermal transmission properties of panels of various building constructions are thermal transmittance (U), and thermal conductance (C). (B) Celsius temperatures are standard. The values in degrees Fahrenheit given in this table are not intended to be exact conversions of those values given in degrees Celsius. (C) It is possible that ambient temperatures other than shown will be required for applications other than normal building interior ambient temperatures. It is acceptable to determine thermal properties from test data using ambient temperatures suitable for the applications, but the change must be reported. 4.3.2 Standard conditions are presented where the temperatures of the two surfaces are fixed and surface coefficients are not considered ( Table 3 ). (A) Thermal properties of insulation materials and systems such as thermal transference (T t ), conductance (C), and surface heat transfer coefficient (h 0 ) are calculated from test measurements of heat input, hot surface temperature, cold surface temperature and ambient air temperature. (B) Celsius temperatures are standard. The values in degrees Fahrenheit are not intended to be exact conversions of those values in degrees Celsius. (C) Ambient temperatures other than shown may be required for applications other than normal building interior ambient temperatures. Thermal properties should be determined from test data using ambient temperatures suitable for the applications, but the change must be reported. (D) Selection of temperature difference for property evaluations needs to reflect the actual temperature differences of the intended applications. 4.3.3 For conditions where the temperature of only one surface is fixed with the other exposed to fixed ambient temperature, use the mean temperatures of Table 1 . 4.4 These conditions must be stated to describe accurately thermal properties such as thermal conductivity versus mean temperature for thermal insulating materials. Thermal insulations exhibiting inflection points due to the change of state of insulating gases (see Note 2 ), must be tested at sufficiently small temperature differences between ( 1 ) the hot and cold sides and ( 2 ) between mean temperatures. The test temperature differences used depend on the vapor pressure versus temperature relationship of the gases involved and the ability of the test apparatus to provide accurate measurements of low temperature differences. Note 2: Certain closed-cell cellular plastic insulations are of this type.