1.1本规程涵盖了现场地下土壤条件的表征程序，作为现场化粪池系统适用性评估过程的一部分。本规程提供了一种确定化粪池污水渗透处理和处置的可用非饱和土壤深度的方法。 1.2本规程描述了美国农业部土壤保护局（SCS）分类系统内按现场可观察特征对土壤进行分类的程序。SCS分类系统在参考文献中定义 (1 – 4) ，而不是在本实践中。该实践基于可在现场进行的目视检查和手动测试。本规程旨在提供土壤科学家、公共卫生卫生学家、地质学家和目前参与评估化粪池系统土壤条件的工程师常用的土壤特性信息。 1.3本程序可通过试验方法进行补充 D422页 需要验证或比较现场技术时。可用于增强本规程的其他标准试验方法包括:试验方法 D2325 , D3152 , D5093 , D3385 和 D2434 . 1.4本规程并非旨在取代规程 D2488 如果需要对土壤特性进行建筑工程解释，则可以将其与本实践结合使用。 1.5本规程应与 D5879 确定现场化粪池系统的推荐现场区域。如果适用的法规定义了基于土壤特性的加载速率，则本实践与 D5925 ，可用于确定化粪池废水对土壤的施用率。 1.6本规程应用于补充在州和地方各级制定的标准规程，以表征土壤特性- 现场化粪池系统。 1.7以国际单位制表示的数值应视为标准值。本标准不包括其他计量单位。 1.8 本标准并非旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如有）。本标准的用户有责任在使用前制定适当的安全和健康实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。 1.9 本实践提供了一组用于执行一个或多个特定操作的说明。本文件不能取代教育或经验，应与专业判断一起使用。Nat本惯例的所有方面可能适用于所有情况。本ASTM标准不代表或取代必须根据其判断给定专业服务的充分性的谨慎标准，也不应在不考虑项目的许多独特方面的情况下应用本文件。 文字 “ 标准 ” 在本文件标题中，仅表示该文件已通过ASTM共识程序获得批准。 ====意义和用途====== 该实践应作为现场评估的一部分，以评估其与实践一起支持现场化粪池系统的潜力 D5879 和实践 D5925 . 应在实践中的适用步骤之后使用本实践 D5879 记录并确定潜在合适的现场区域。 参与现场化粪池系统使用性能评估的人员应使用本规程。他们可能需要获得许可、认证，满足地区管理机构的最低教育要求，或所有这些要求。 该实践要求将土壤暴露到适当的深度（通常为1.5至1.8 m，或根据现场条件或项目目标要求更大），以检查与土壤性能相关的土壤形态特征- 现场化粪池系统。

1.1 This practice covers procedures for the characterization of subsurface soil conditions at a site as part of the process for evaluating suitability for an on-site septic system. This practice provides a method for determining the usable unsaturated soil depth for septic tank effluent to infiltrate for treatment and disposal. 1.2 This practice describes a procedure for classifying soil by field observable characteristics within the United States Department of Agriculture, Soil Conservation Service (SCS) classification system. The SCS classification system is defined in Refs (1 – 4) , not in this practice. This practice is based on visual examination and manual tests that can be performed in the field. This practice is intended to provide information about soil characteristics in terms that are in common use by soil scientists, public health sanitarians, geologists, and engineers currently involved in the evaluation of soil conditions for septic systems. 1.3 This procedure can be augmented by Test Method D422 , when verification or comparison of field techniques is required. Other standard test methods that may be used to augment this practice include: Test Methods D2325 , D3152 , D5093 , D3385 , and D2434 . 1.4 This practice is not intended to replace Practice D2488 which can be used in conjunction with this practice if construction engineering interpretations of soil properties are required. 1.5 This practice should be used in conjunction with D5879 to determine a recommended field area for an on-site septic system. Where applicable regulations define loading rates-based soil characteristics, this practice, in conjunction with D5925 , can be used to determine septic tank effluent application rates to the soil. 1.6 This practice should be used to complement standard practices developed at state and local levels to characterize soil for on-site septic systems. 1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.9 This practice offers a set of instructions for performing one or more specific operations. This document cannot replace education or experience and should be used in conjunction with professional judgment. Nat all aspects of this practice may be applicable in all circumstances. This ASTM standard is not intended to represent or replace the standard of care by which the adequacy of a given professional service must be judged, nor should this document be applied without consideration of a project's many unique aspects. The word “ Standard ” in the title of this document means only that the document has been approved through the ASTM consensus process. ====== Significance And Use ====== This practice should be used as part of the evaluation of a site for its potential to support an on-site septic system in conjunction with Practice D5879 and Practice D5925 . This practice should be used after applicable steps in Practice D5879 have been performed to document and identify potentially suitable field areas. This practice should be used by those who are involved with the evaluation of properties for the use of on-site septic systems. They may be required to be licensed, certified, meet minimum educational requirements by the area governing agencies, or all of these. This practice requires exposing the soil to an appropriate depth (typically 1.5 to 1.8 m, or greater as site conditions or project objectives require) for examining the soil morphologic characteristics related to the performance of on-site septic systems.