1.1 本指南涵盖了系统收集流量信息的常用程序。连续的水流信息对于了解许多用途的水量和可变性是必要的，包括供水、废物稀释、灌溉、水电和水库设计。 1.2 本指南中描述的程序被负责收集径流数据的人员广泛使用，例如美国地质调查局、填海局、美国陆军工程兵团、美国农业部、加拿大水务调查局以及许多州和省机构。 这些程序通常来自之前机构的内部文件，这些文件已成为北美使用的事实标准。 1.3 本指南用户有责任确定特定装置或程序的可接受性，以满足操作要求。传感器、记录仪、检索设备和操作系统之间的兼容性是必要的，在选择设备时必须考虑数据要求和环境操作条件。 1.4 以英寸-磅为单位的数值应视为标准值。括号中给出的值是到国际单位制的数学转换，仅供参考，不被视为标准值。 1.5 本标准并非旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如有）。本标准的用户有责任在使用前制定适当的安全、健康和环境实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。 1.6 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒（TBT）委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认标准化原则制定的。 ====意义和用途====== 5.1 当需要在特定位置系统记录水面高程或流量时，本指南非常有用。一些测量站可能只运行几个月；然而，许多已经运行了一个世纪。 5.2 测量站记录有多种用途: 5.2.1 对长期记录进行资源评估，以确定特定河流流量的最大值、最小值和可变性。这些数据可用于各种地表水相关项目的规划和设计，如供水、防洪、水电开发、灌溉、娱乐和废物同化。 5.2.2 管理，其中地表水结构的运行或其他管理决策需要流量数据。

1.1 The guide covers procedures used commonly for the systematic collection of streamflow information. Continuous streamflow information is necessary for understanding the amount and variability of water for many uses, including water supply, waste dilution, irrigation, hydropower, and reservoir design. 1.2 The procedures described in this guide are used widely by those responsible for the collection of streamflow data, for example, the U.S. Geological Survey, Bureau of Reclamation, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Water Survey Canada, and many state and provincial agencies. The procedures are generally from internal documents of the preceding agencies, which have become the defacto standards used in North America. 1.3 It is the responsibility of the user of the guide to determine the acceptability of a specific device or procedure to meet operational requirements. Compatibility between sensors, recorders, retrieval equipment, and operational systems is necessary, and data requirements and environmental operating conditions must be considered in equipment selection. 1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard. 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 5.1 This guide is useful when a systematic record of water surface elevation or discharge is required at a specific location. Some gaging stations may be operated for only a few months; however, many have been operated for a century. 5.2 Gaging station records are used for many purposes: 5.2.1 Resource appraisal of long-term records to determine the maximum, minimum, and variability of flows of a particular stream. These data can be used for the planning and design of a variety of surface water-related projects such as water supply, flood control, hydroelectric developments, irrigation, recreation, and waste assimilation. 5.2.2 Management, where flow data are required for the operation of a surface-water structure or other management decision.