1.1 本试验方法包括通过布氏压痕硬度原理测定金属材料的布氏硬度。本标准规定了布氏硬度试验机的要求和进行布氏硬度试验的程序。 1.2 本试验方法包括使用便携式布氏硬度试验机的要求，该试验机通过布氏硬度试验原理测量布氏硬度，并且能够满足本试验方法的要求，包括对试验机的直接和间接验证。便携式布氏硬度试验机不能满足直接验证要求，只能通过间接验证要求进行验证，这些试验机包含在试验方法中 E110 。 1.3 本标准包括以下附件中的附加要求: 布氏硬度试验机的验证 附件A1 布氏硬度标准化机 附件A2 布氏硬度压头的标准化 附件A3 布氏硬度试块的标准化 附件A4 1.4 本标准包括以下附录中与布氏硬度试验相关的非强制性信息: 布氏硬度值表 附录X1 确定程序示例 布氏硬度不确定度 附录X2 1.5 在开发布氏硬度试验时，力水平以千克为单位进行规定- 力（kgf）。尽管本标准将国际单位制（SI）中的力单位指定为牛顿（N），但由于历史先例和kgf单位的普遍使用，以kgf单位表示的力值仅供参考，本标准中的大部分讨论都涉及以kgf为单位的力。 1.6 本标准并非旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如有）。本标准的使用者有责任在使用前制定适当的安全、健康和环境实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。 1.7 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认的标准化原则制定的。 ===意义和用途====== 4.1 布氏硬度测试是一种压痕硬度测试，可以提供有关金属材料的有用信息。该信息可以与金属材料的抗拉强度、耐磨性、延展性或其他物理特性相关，并且可以用于材料的质量控制和选择。 4.2 布氏硬度测试被认为是商业运输验收测试的合格测试，并已在工业中广泛用于此目的。 4.3 零件特定位置的布氏硬度测试可能不能代表整个零件或最终产品的物理特性。

1.1 This test method covers the determination of the Brinell hardness of metallic materials by the Brinell indentation hardness principle. This standard provides the requirements for a Brinell testing machine and the procedures for performing Brinell hardness tests. 1.2 This test method includes requirements for the use of portable Brinell hardness testing machines that measure Brinell hardness by the Brinell hardness test principle and can meet the requirements of this test method, including the direct and indirect verifications of the testing machine. Portable Brinell hardness testing machines that cannot meet the direct verification requirements and can only be verified by indirect verification requirements are covered in Test Method E110 . 1.3 This standard includes additional requirements in the following annexes: Verification of Brinell Hardness Testing Machines Annex A1 Brinell Hardness Standardizing Machines Annex A2 Standardization of Brinell Hardness Indenters Annex A3 Standardization of Brinell Hardness Test Blocks Annex A4 1.4 This standard includes nonmandatory information in the following appendixes that relates to the Brinell hardness test: Table of Brinell Hardness Numbers Appendix X1 Examples of Procedures for Determining Brinell Hardness Uncertainty Appendix X2 1.5 At the time the Brinell hardness test was developed, the force levels were specified in units of kilograms-force (kgf). Although this standard specifies the unit of force in the International System of Units (SI) as the Newton (N), because of the historical precedent and continued common usage of kgf units, force values in kgf units are provided for information and much of the discussion in this standard refers to forces in kgf units. 1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 4.1 The Brinell hardness test is an indentation hardness test that can provide useful information about metallic materials. This information may correlate to tensile strength, wear resistance, ductility, or other physical characteristics of metallic materials, and may be useful in quality control and selection of materials. 4.2 Brinell hardness tests are considered satisfactory for acceptance testing of commercial shipments, and have been used extensively in industry for this purpose. 4.3 Brinell hardness testing at a specific location on a part may not represent the physical characteristics of the whole part or end product.