1.1 本指南涵盖了使用化学分散剂帮助控制石油泄漏的建议，并以最小化石油泄漏的环境影响为目标编写。未考虑美学和社会经济因素；尽管如此，这些因素和其他因素在溢油响应中往往很重要。 1.2 每个现场指挥官都有几种控制或清理溢油的方法。化学分散剂应与其他泄漏对策同等考虑。 1.3 本指南仅提供一般指南。应根据相关政府法规评估油与所选分散剂的分散性。 本指南中使用的石油包括原油和燃油。单个分散剂之间的差异以及在一定程度上不同油之间的差异未被考虑。 1.4 本指南是与分散剂在不同环境中的注意事项相关的几个指南之一。其他标准列于第节 2. . 1.5 本指南适用于海洋和河口环境，但不适用于淡水环境。 1.6 在作出分散剂使用决定时，应根据法律要求咨询适当的政府当局。 1.7 本标准并不旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如有）。本标准的使用者有责任在使用前制定适当的安全、健康和环境实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。 1.8 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒（TBT）委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认标准化原则制定的。 =====意义和用途====== 3.1 本指南旨在帮助当地和区域泄漏响应团队在响应计划和泄漏事件期间应用本指南。 3.2 本指南提供了地表油、溶解油和分散油对热带环境组成部分影响的数据。这些数据有助于决策- 与分散剂的使用有关，以尽量减少石油泄漏对环境的破坏。

1.1 This guide covers recommendations for use of chemical dispersants to assist in the control of oil spills and is written with the goal of minimizing the environmental impacts of oil spills. Aesthetic and socioeconomic factors are not considered; although, these and other factors are often important in spill response. 1.2 Each on-scene commander has available several means of control or cleanup of spilled oil. Chemical dispersants should be given equal consideration with other spill countermeasures. 1.3 This guide presents general guidelines only. The dispersibility of the oil with the chosen dispersant should be evaluated in compliance with relevant government regulations. Oil, as used in this guide, includes crude oils and fuel oils. Differences between individual dispersants and to a certain degree, differences between different oils are not considered. 1.4 This guide is one of several related to dispersant considerations in different environments. The other standards are listed in Section 2 . 1.5 This guide applies to marine and estuarine environments but not to freshwater environments. 1.6 In making dispersant use decisions, appropriate government authorities should be consulted as required by law. 1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 3.1 This guide is meant to aid local and regional spill response teams who may apply it during response planning and spill events. 3.2 This guide presents data on the effects of surface oil, dissolved oil and dispersed oil on components of tropical environments. These data can aid in decision-making related to the use of dispersants to minimize environmental damage from oil spills.