本标准规定了带和不带主动防护探测器的气体比例计数器的校准和使用方法。本标准还建立了测量α和β计数平台、串扰因子、背景、制备标准的α和β效率、自衰减或质量不同于标准的样品的校正因子、样品活动及其随机和总不确定度的计算方法。 文中还讨论了高计数率引起的脉冲堆积的校正。尽管本标准中阐述的许多原则也适用于发射最大β能低于100 keV的放射性核素的计数，但这些低能β辐射源的计数需要比本标准中所述的更加关注样品制备、仪器校准和测量校正系数的细节。因此，本标准旨在测量最大β能超过100 keV的放射性核素。

This standard establishes methods for the calibration and use of gas proportional counters with and without active guard detectors. This standard also establishes methods for measuring the alpha and beta counting plateau, crosstalk factors, background, alpha and beta efficiency from prepared standards, correction factors for samples whose self-attenuation or mass differs from that of the standard, and calculation of the sample activities together with their random and total uncertainties. Correction for pulse pileup due to high count rate is also discussed. Although many principles articulated in this standard apply to the counting of radionuclides emitting a maximum beta energy below 100 keV as well, the counting of these low-energy beta emitters requires a higher degree of attention to detail in sample preparation, instrument calibration, and measurement correction factors than addressed in this standard. Therefore, this standard is intended for measuring radionuclides with maximum beta energies above 100 keV.