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Alternative TOC Removal Requirements for Cost-Savings While Not Compromising Your Water Quality Treatment Goals 在不影响水质处理目标的情况下 降低成本的其他TOC去除要求
发布日期: 2007-11-01
休斯顿市的东南部净水厂(SEWPP)是一个 常规表面处理设备包括混凝、絮凝、, 沉淀和过滤过程。SEWPP目前的处理能力为 每天1.2亿加仑(MGD),服务于该市东南部地区和11名参与者。 该工厂将扩建至200 MGD,再扩建80 MGD,以满足需求 该地区的水需求不断增加。 硫酸铁目前被用作SEWPP的一级混凝剂,以提高效率 凝固基于80-120 mg/L的原水碱度(CaCO3)和总碱度 有机碳(TOC)为7-9 mg/L时,SEWPP需要达到至少35%或 根据第一阶段D/DBP规则,TOC去除率为40%。台架试验表明 所需的硫酸铁用量为50 mg/L(干重),以达到 TOC去除目标。 据美国环境保护局(USEPA)称,强化混凝和强化沉淀 1999年5月的软化指导手册和德克萨斯州环境委员会 2002年9月出版的质量(TCEQ)TOC指导手册《地表水》 处理厂符合TOC去除要求,满足第1步矩阵要求 所需TOC去除百分比,或第2步替代TOC去除 要求(ATRR)或替代合规标准(ACCs)。 原水水质研究旨在确定水中的低紫外线(UV)吸收率 原水。2003年,SEWPP采用了ACCs,以符合TOC要求。 按要求对原水和成品水进行每周标准紫外线吸附(SUVA)试验 此外,还进行了ACCs。如SEWPP所示,也可以满足TOC 如图所示,满足SUVA的去除要求始终小于2.0 L/mg-m 在ACCs第5号和第6号中。 通过采用替代的TOC去除要求,SEWPP降低了 硫酸铁的平均用量为25 mg/L,同时TOC去除率为17%至25%。 同时,处理后的水质并未受到影响。SEWPP满足了所有人的需求 联邦和州饮用水标准。过滤水的平均浊度为 0.04-0.08 NTU,超过98%的15分钟过滤水浊度小于0.10 在过去两年中,南大实现了AWWA安全用水伙伴关系(PSW)的目标。通过 通过控制氯气与氨气的比例,可以降低游离氯的残留量 尽量减少和控制净化水消毒副产物(DBPs)。 二者都 年平均总三卤甲烷(TTHMs)和卤乙酸(HAAs)离开 工厂的排放浓度低于30µg/L。此外,通过使用替代TOC去除合规性,它 每年为休斯顿市和其他参与者节省约54.5万美元 工厂的运作。包括4个参考文献、表格和图表。
The City of Houston's Southeast Water Purification Plant (SEWPP) is a conventional surface treatment plant consisting of coagulation, flocculation, sedimentation, and filtration processes. The SEWPP presently has a treatment capacity of 120 million gallons per day (MGD), serving the City's southeast area and eleven co-participants. The plant will be expanded to 200 MGD by additional 80 MGD to meet the increasing water demands in that area. Ferric sulfate is currently used as a primary coagulant at the SEWPP for enhanced coagulation. Based on the raw water alkalinity of 80-120 mg/L as CaCO3, and total organic carbon (TOC) of 7-9 mg/L, the SEWPP is required to achieve at least 35% or 40% of TOC removal under the Stage 1 D/DBP Rule. Bench-scale test indicated that the required dosage of ferric sulfate would be 50 mg/L (dry weight) in order to achieve the TOC removal goal. According to U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) Enhanced Coagulation and Enhanced Precipitative Softening Guidance Manual in May 1999 and Texas Commission on Environmental Quality (TCEQ) TOC Guidance Manual published in September 2002, surface water treatment plants are in compliance with TOC removal by meeting Step 1 matrix of required TOC removal percentage, or alternatively, Step 2 Alternative TOC removal requirement (ATRR), or Alternative Compliance Criteria (ACCs). The raw water quality study was conducted to identify the low ultraviolet (UV) absorbance in the raw water. The ACCs were adopted by the SEWPP for TOC compliance in 2003. Weekly standard UV adsorption (SUVA) tests for raw and finished water as required under the ACCs were also conducted. As indicated in the SEWPP can also meet TOC removal requirements by meeting SUVA consistently less than 2.0 L/mg-m as indicated in ACCs Nos. 5 and 6. By adopting alternative TOC removal requirements, the SEWPP reduces the average dosage of ferric sulfate to 25 mg/L, while achieving 17 to 25% TOC removal. Meanwhile, the treated water quality has not been compromised. The SEWPP meets all the Federal and State drinking water standards. The average filtered water turbidity is 0.04-0.08 NTU, and over 98% of 15-minute filtered water turbidities are less than 0.10 NTU in the past 2 years, meeting the AWWA Partnership for Safe Water (PSW) goal. By controlling the ratio of chlorine to ammonia, the free chlorine residual has been minimized and treated water disinfection byproducts (DBPs) well controlled. Both annual average total trihalomethanes (TTHMs) and haloacetic acids (HAAs) leaving the plant are below 30 µg/L. In addition, by using the alternative TOC removal compliance, it saved the City of Houston and other co-participants approximately $545,000 annually in the plant operation. Includes 4 references, tables, figures.
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发布单位或类别: 美国-美国给水工程协会
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