Nanofiltration (NF) membrane systems are typically operated in relatively low-pressure range.
One of the main reasons is that the rejection of water contaminants by NF membranes at
relatively high pressure is affected by concentration polarization. However, experimental
results from this study revealed that even though the rejection of MS2 phage initially
decreased when trans-membrane pressure went up, as a result of the concentration
polarization effect, an increasing trend of rejection was observed with further increases in
pressure in excess of a certain pressure/water flux value. This phenomenon was observed with
ESNA1® (Hydranautics, Oceanside, CA) NF membranes at pH 6-7.6 and 11-25ºC. Includes 9 references, figures.