1.1 马术表面通常使用的松弛蜡由不同蜡和油的混合物组成，其中含有各种碳氢化合物、链长和结构。 1.2 蜡和油的混合物决定了表面材料的机械性能以及蜡对温度的反应。低碳量和高碳量材料、油含量和碳氢化合物结构的结合也控制了蜡随时间的变化。 1.3 差示扫描量热法（DSC）测试用于确定蜡样品的温度变化和熔化范围。 因此，差示扫描量热法可以证明提取的蜡样品之间的热流量差异。蜡样品从表面材料样品中提取，并用于基于测试方法的标准测试 D4419 ( 1. ). 2. 该程序涉及使用已知对照在-30和94°C之间对样品进行热循环。 1.4 本标准并非旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如有）。本标准的用户有责任在使用前制定适当的安全、健康和环境实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。 1.5 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒（TBT）委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认标准化原则制定的。 ====意义和用途====== 5.1 差示扫描量热法（DSC）是一种方便、快速的方法，用于确定蜡在转变过程中的温度极限。最高温度转变为固体- 与完全熔融相关的液相转变；它可以指导在合成马运动表面上使用的蜡粘合剂的选择，提供有关工作轨道温度对粘合剂熔化的影响的信息，以及提供粘合剂随时间变化的指示。固体-固体温度转变与固体的性质有关，即硬度和封闭温度，尽管这些松弛的蜡基粘合剂通常含有大于20%（按质量计）的油含量，因此除非经受非常低的温度（远低于-17°C），否则不会处于硬化状态。 注2: 对于切割相对较窄的石油蜡，最低的转变将是固体-固体转变。窄切蜡是指根据试验方法，通过对单个石油馏出物进行脱油而获得的蜡，最大范围为49°CF，其体积介于5%和95%之间 D1160 沸点（换算为760托）。差示扫描量热法无法区分固-液和固-固转变。此类信息必须通过其他技术预先确定。对于共混物，低温转变可能是两种固体的包络- 液体和固体-固体转变。 5.2 由于石油蜡是具有不同分子量的碳氢化合物的混合物，其转变在一定温度范围内发生。该范围是影响DSC峰值宽度（以摄氏度表示）的一个因素。最高温度转变为一级转变。如果对于一系列蜡，有证据表明每种蜡的最高温度转变是主要的一级转变，则其相对宽度应与蜡分子量分布的相对宽度相关。

1.1 The slack waxes typically used in equestrian surfaces comprise a blend of different waxes and oils containing a variety of hydrocarbons, chain lengths and structures. 1.2 The blend of wax and oil determines the mechanical properties of the surface material as well as the response of the wax to temperature. The combination of lower and higher carbon weight materials, oil content and hydrocarbon structures also control how the wax will change over time. 1.3 The differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) test is used to determine temperature transitions and melting range of wax samples. DSC can therefore demonstrate differences in heat flow rates between extracted wax samples. The wax samples are extracted from samples of the surface materials and used in a standard test based on Test Method D4419 ( 1 ). 2 This procedure involves thermal cycling of samples between –30 and 94 °C using a known control. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 5.1 DSC is a convenient and rapid method for determining the temperature limits within which a wax undergoes during transitions. The highest temperature transition is a solid-liquid transition associated with complete melting; it can guide the choice of wax binders used in synthetic equine sports surfaces, provide information on the effect of operational track temperatures on binder melting, as well as giving indications of changes in the binder over time. The solid-solid temperature transition is related to the properties of the solid, that is, hardness and blocking temperature, although these slack wax-wax based binders typically contain oil contents greater that 20 % by mass and consequently are not in a hardened state unless subjected to very cold temperatures (well below –17 °C). Note 2: For a relatively narrow cut petroleum wax, the lowest transition will be a solid-solid transition. A narrow cut wax is one obtained by de-oiling a single petroleum distillate with a maximum range of 49 °CF between its 5 and 95 % vol in accordance with Test Method D1160 boiling points (converted to 760 torr). The DSC method cannot differentiate between solid-liquid and solid-solid transitions. Such information must be predetermined by other techniques. In the case of blends, the lower temperature transition may be envelopes of both solid-liquid and solid-solid transitions. 5.2 Since petroleum wax is a mixture of hydrocarbons with different molecular weights, its transitions occur over a temperature range. This range is one factor that influences the width, expressed in degrees Celsius, of the DSC peaks. The highest temperature transition is a first-order transition. If, for a series of waxes, there is supporting evidence that the highest temperature transition of each wax is the major first-order transition, its relative width should correlate with the relative width of the wax’s molecular weight distribution.