1.1 本试验方法涵盖了在施加试验电压下绝缘系统端子处局部放电（电晕）脉冲的检测和测量，包括在试验电压升高和降低时确定局部放电（电晕）起始和终止电压。该测试方法还可用于确定诸如表观电荷和脉冲重复率之类的量以及诸如平均电流、二次速率和功率之类的积分量。该测试方法适用于频率范围从零（直流电压）到大约2000Hz的测试电压。 1.2 该测试方法直接适用于可以表示为双端电容器的简单绝缘系统 ( 1 ) , ( 2 ) . 2 1.3 本试验方法也适用于（分布参数）绝缘系统如高-电压电缆。在这种类型的系统中必须考虑衰减和反射现象。有关电缆、变压器和旋转机械的分布参数系统的更多信息，请参见参考文献 ( 1- 9 ) (参见AEIC CS5-87、IEEE C57 113-1991、IEEE C57 124-1991和IEEE 1434-2005) 1.4 这种测试方法可以应用于多端子绝缘系统，但精度有所损失，特别是在涉及感应绕组绝缘的情况下。 1.5 本标准并不旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全性问题（如果有）。本标准的使用者有责任在使用前建立适当的安全、健康和环境实践并确定法规限制的适用性。 具体的注意事项在章节中给出 8 和 14 . 1.6 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒（TBT）委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认的标准化原则制定的。 ======意义和用途====== 5.1 绝缘系统中在工作电压下局部放电（电晕）的存在有可能导致绝缘材料寿命的显著降低。一些材料比其他材料更容易受到这种放电损伤。该特性可以使用测试方法进行研究 D2275 . 5.2 在明显的固体绝缘体中局部放电（电晕）的存在是内部空腔存在的潜在指示。局部放电测试在模制、层压和复合绝缘以及电缆、电容器、变压器、套管、定子棒和旋转机器形式的样品的设计和检查中非常有用 ( 1- 9 ) , ( 13 ) , ( 12 ) 还参见AEIC CS5-87、ICEA T-24-380、IEEE 48、IEEE C57 113-1991、IEEE C57 124-1991和IEEE 1434-2005。 5.3 局部放电（电晕）开始和熄灭电压用于确定绝缘系统将在没有这种放电的情况下运行的极限电压。消光电压通常显著低于起始电压。在操作电压低于起始电压但高于消光电压的情况下，瞬态过电压可能会引发放电，然后放电继续直到电压降低到消光电压以下。起始和消光电压取决于许多因素，包括温度和电压变化的速率。在电压下一段时间后，放电可能以不均匀和不可预测的方式开始和停止，特别是对于某些材料中的空腔内的放电，特别是如果形成的放电退化产物是导电的 ( 1 ) , ( 5 ) . 5.4 局部放电的幅度（脉冲高度）是其在绝缘系统中耗散的能量的量的指示。局部放电幅度和脉冲速率可用于估计产生劣化的速率或速率变化。 5.5 通常，局部放电的发生与固体绝缘材料的基本性质没有直接关系，但通常是由于气体闭塞或绝缘系统中的类似缺陷或不连续性的过度应力造成的。局部放电可能起源于诸如引线或端子上的位置，而不会导致绝缘系统的主要部分内的任何危险。

1.1 This test method covers the detection and measurement of partial discharge (corona) pulses at the terminals of an insulation system under an applied test voltage, including the determination of partial discharge (corona) inception and extinction voltages as the test voltage is raised and lowered. This test method is also useful in determining quantities such as apparent charge and pulse repetition rate together with such integrated quantities as average current, quadratic rate, and power. This test method is useful for test voltages ranging in frequency from zero (direct voltage) to approximately 2000 Hz. 1.2 This test method is directly applicable to a simple insulation system that can be represented as a two-terminal capacitor ( 1 ) , ( 2 ) . 2 1.3 This test method is also applicable to (distributed parameter) insulation systems such as high-voltage cable. Consideration must be given to attenuation and reflection phenomena in this type of system. Further information on distributed parameter systems of cables, transformers, and rotating machines will be found in Refs ( 1- 9 ) . (See AEIC CS5-87, IEEE C57 113-1991, IEEE C57 124-1991, and IEEE 1434-2005.) 1.4 This test method can be applied to multi-terminal insulation systems, but at some loss in accuracy, especially where the insulation of inductive windings is involved. 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precaution statements are given in Sections 8 and 14 . 1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 5.1 The presence of partial discharges (corona) at operating voltage in an insulation system has the potential to result in a significant reduction in the life of the insulating material. Some materials are more susceptible to such discharge damage than others. This characteristic can be investigated using Test Method D2275 . 5.2 The presence of partial discharges (corona) in an apparently solid insulation is a potential indication of the existence of internal cavities. Partial discharge tests have been useful in the design and inspection of molded, laminated, and composite insulation, as well as specimens in the form of cables, capacitors, transformers, bushings, stator bars, and rotating machines ( 1- 9 ) , ( 13 ) , ( 12 ) . See also AEIC CS5-87, ICEA T-24-380, IEEE 48, IEEE C57 113-1991, IEEE C57 124-1991, and IEEE 1434-2005. 5.3 Partial discharge (corona) inception and extinction voltages are used in the determination of the limiting voltage at which an insulation system will operate free of such discharges. The extinction voltage is often substantially lower than the inception voltage. Where the operating voltage is below the inception voltage but above the extinction voltage, it is possible that a transient over-voltage will initiate discharges which then continue until the voltage is lowered below the extinction voltage. Inception and extinction voltages depend upon many factors, including temperature and the rate at which the voltage is changed. After a time at a voltage, it is possible that discharges will start and stop in a nonuniform and unpredictable fashion, especially for discharges within cavities in certain materials, in particular if the discharge degradation products formed are conductive ( 1 ) , ( 5 ) . 5.4 The magnitude (pulse height) of a partial discharge is an indication of the amount of energy that it dissipates in the insulation system. Partial discharge magnitude and pulse rate are useful in estimating the rate, or change of rate, at which deterioration is produced. 5.5 In general, the occurrence of partial discharges is not directly related to the basic properties of a solid insulating material, but usually results from overstressing of gaseous occlusions or similar imperfections or discontinuities in an insulating system. It is possible that partial discharges will originate at locations such as on the leads or terminals without resulting in any hazard within the main part of the insulation system.