1.1 本试验方法包括使用25 cm Epstein框架中具有双搭接接头的Epstein试样测定扁平轧制磁性材料的磁性。它包括铁芯损耗、均方根和峰值励磁电流、励磁功率、磁场强度和磁导率的测定。本试验方法通常用于测试晶粒取向和无取向电工钢，但也可用于测试镍铁、钴铁和其他扁平轧制磁性材料。 1.2 本试验方法应结合实践使用 A34/A34M 和试验方法 A343/A343M . 1.3 本试验方法下的试验可采用正常交流磁化或交流磁化和叠加直流偏置（增量磁化）进行。 1.4 通常，该试验方法具有以下局限性: 1.4.1 频率- 该测试方法的范围通常涵盖100到10的频率 000赫兹。使用适当的设备，试验方法可以扩展到10以上 000赫兹。当试验仅限于使用频率低于100 Hz的电源时，应使用试验方法程序 A343/A343M . 1.4.2 磁通密度 （也称为 通量密度 )-本试验方法的磁通密度范围由试样特性、可用仪器和其他设备部件决定。通常，对于许多材料，磁通密度范围为1至15 kG[0.1至1.5 T]。 1.4.3 铁芯损耗和励磁功率- 这些测量通常限于不会导致试样温升超过50°C或超过100 W/lb[220 W/kg]的测试条件。 1.4.4 励磁- 励磁电流的均方根值或峰值可在不超过设备限制的任何测试点进行测量，前提是电流表分流器的阻抗较低，并且其插入测试电路不会在测试磁通密度下引起明显增加的电压波形失真。 1.4.5 增量属性- 增量特性的测量应限于交流和直流激励的组合，这些激励不会导致二次电压波形失真（由形状因子法确定）超过10的偏移 % 远离正弦波条件。 1.5 以惯用（cgs emu和英寸磅）或国际单位制表示的值和方程应单独视为标准。在本标准中，括号中显示了国际单位制，但与计算有关的章节除外，其中各单位制有单独的章节。每个系统中规定的值可能不是精确的等效值；因此，每个系统应相互独立使用。合并两个系统的值可能会导致不符合本标准。 1.6 本标准并非旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如有）。 本标准的用户有责任在使用前制定适当的安全、健康和环境实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。 1.7 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒（TBT）委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认标准化原则制定的。 ====意义和用途====== 4.1 本试验方法评估了扁平轧制磁性材料在交流励磁的宽频率范围内的性能，包括和不包括增量直流偏置，用于变压器、电机和其他叠层铁芯设备。 4.2 该测试方法适用于设计、规范验收、服务评估和研究。 4.3 使用该测试方法获得的测试结果应用于特定磁性设备的设计或评估时，必须认识到磁路对其性能的影响。 需要考虑的一些具体项目包括尺寸、形状、孔、焊接、铆接、螺栓连接、支架、叠片间短路、交流波形、相邻磁场和应力。

1.1 This test method covers the determination of the magnetic properties of flat-rolled magnetic materials using Epstein test specimens with double-lap joints in the 25-cm Epstein frame. It covers determination of core loss, rms and peak exciting current, exciting power, magnetic field strength, and permeability. This test method is commonly used to test grain-oriented and nonoriented electrical steels but may also be used to test nickel-iron, cobalt-iron, and other flat-rolled magnetic materials. 1.2 This test method shall be used in conjunction with Practice A34/A34M and Test Method A343/A343M . 1.3 Tests under this test method may be conducted with either normal ac magnetization or with ac magnetization and superimposed dc bias (incremental magnetization). 1.4 In general, this test method has the following limitations: 1.4.1 Frequency— The range of this test method normally covers frequencies from 100 to 10 000 Hz. With proper equipment, the test method may be extended above 10 000 Hz. When tests are limited to the use of power sources having frequencies below 100 Hz, they shall use the procedures of Test Method A343/A343M . 1.4.2 Magnetic Flux Density (may also be referred to as Flux Density )—The range of magnetic flux density for this test method is governed by the test specimen properties and by the available instruments and other equipment components. Normally, for many materials, the magnetic flux density range is from 1 to 15 kG [0.1 to 1.5 T]. 1.4.3 Core Loss and Exciting Power— These measurements are normally limited to test conditions that do not cause a test specimen temperature rise in excess of 50°C or exceed 100 W/lb [220 W/kg]. 1.4.4 Excitation— Either rms or peak values of exciting current may be measured at any test point that does not exceed the equipment limitations provided that the impedance of the ammeter shunt is low and its insertion into the test circuit does not cause appreciably increased voltage waveform distortion at the test magnetic flux density. 1.4.5 Incremental Properties— Measurement of incremental properties shall be limited to combinations of ac and dc excitations that do not cause secondary voltage waveform distortion, as determined by the form factor method, to exceed a shift of 10 % away from sine wave conditions. 1.5 The values and equations stated in customary (cgs-emu and inch-pound) or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within this standard, SI units are shown in brackets except for the sections concerning calculations where there are separate sections for the respective unit systems. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with this standard. 1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 4.1 This test method evaluates the performance of flat-rolled magnetic materials over a wide frequency range of ac excitation with and without incremental dc bias, as used on transformers, motors, and other laminated core devices. 4.2 This test method is suitable for design, specification acceptance, service evaluation, and research. 4.3 The application of test results obtained with this test method to the design or evaluation of a particular magnetic device must recognize the influence of the magnetic circuitry upon its performance. Some specific items to consider are size, shape, holes, welding, staking, bolting, bracketing, shorting between laminations, ac waveform, adjacent magnetic fields, and stress.