这项工作的目标是评估瑞典公寓楼中两个常见通风系统的性能，一个排气系统和一个排气供应系统。由于正确的空气交换和分区间气流对于去除污染物和改善室内空气质量非常重要，当选定的输入参数在其默认值附近变化时，这些气流通过系统的计算机计算进行分析。该研究特别涉及确定原型建筑的特征、确定适当的边界条件（气候和运行）、开发必要的物理/数学模型，以及制定协议，以进行评估此类建筑气流所需的参数研究。这座典型的建筑代表着一座典型的六层楼- 三层公寓楼。它配备了低速通风系统，可以是排气系统，也可以是排气供给系统。由于缺乏可靠的关键数据，建立大楼是一个困难而耗时的过程。尽管需要更高质量的多区域结构及其单个组件的泄漏数据，但在这方面，参数研究在一定程度上是宽容的。设计了一个稳态多区域气流模型，以同时求解通过建筑围护结构、不同区域之间以及管道系统中的气流。此外，还建立了污染物模型，并与气流模型进行了耦合。它计算了每一个定义的建筑区域内污染物浓度随时间的变化。模型验证表明，这两个模型都可以产生可靠的结果。 研究结果虽然针对原型建筑，但提供了有用的通用性，允许在使用类似建筑时进行替换。排气通风系统允许采用有利于控制分区间气流和渗出的压力等级。然而，例如，当通过关闭通风槽来改变泄漏水平时，这种层次结构就变成了一个缺点。排气通风系统的优点是在所有条件下都能保证最低的空气交换率。该系统的一个缺点是，空气通过楼梯从较低楼层的公寓流向较高楼层的公寓。由于这种流动模式，污染物可以被输送到高层公寓。单位:双引文: 研讨会，ASHRAE交易，第105卷，pt。1.

The goal of this work was to assess the performance of two common ventilation systems, an exhaust and an exhaust-supply system, in Swedish apartment buildings. Since correct air-exchange and interzonal airflows are important for removing contaminants and improving indoor air quality, these airflows were analyzed by systematic computer calculations when selected input parameters were varied around their default values. The research specifically involved establishing characteristics of a prototypical building, determining appropriate boundary conditions (climate and operation), developing necessary physical/mathematical models, and establishing a protocol for carrying out the parametric studies required to assess airflows in buildings of this type.The prototypical building represents a typical six-story apartment building. It is equipped with a low-velocity ventilation system, either an exhaust or an exhaust-supply system. Because of the lack of reliable key data, it was a difficult and time-consuming process to establish the building. Although there is a need for better quality leakage data of multizone structures and their individual components, parametric studies are somewhat forgiving in this regard.A steady-state multizone airflow model was designed to simultaneously solve the airflows through the building envelope, between different zones, and in the duct system. In addition, a contaminant model was developed and coupled with the airflow model. It calculates contaminant concentrations over time in every defined building zone. Model validations show that both models can be expected to produce reliable results.The study results, though specific for the prototypical building, present useful generalities that allow substitutions to be made in working with comparable buildings. The exhaust ventilation system allows a pressure hierarchy that is beneficial for controlling interzonal airflows and exfiltration. This hierarchy, however, turns into a disadvantage when leakage levels are altered by closing ventilation slots, for example. The exhaust-supply ventilation system has the advantage of guaranteeing a minimum air-exchange rate under all conditions. A drawback of this system is that air flows from apartments on the lower levels to apartments on upper levels via the staircase. Because of this flow pattern, contaminants can be transported to upper-level apartments.Units: Dual