1.1 本标准中描述的测试程序测量深基础构件的倾斜，包括开挖阶段的构件。这些程序适用于所有深基础，此处称为“桩”，无论其安装方法如何。 1.2 本标准规定了测量深基础倾斜度的最低要求。合格工程师编制的计划、规范和/或规定可提供满足特定测试计划目标所需的额外要求和程序。 1.3 本标准规定了以下试验程序: 程序A（测斜仪测试）-用于测试裸眼钻孔和施工桩 9.1 程序B（摆锤测试）-用于测试裸眼钻孔 9.2 1.4 此处指定为“可选”的装置和程序可能会产生不同的测试结果，并且只能在获得合格工程师（以下简称“工程师”）批准的情况下使用。 “应”一词表示强制性规定，“应”一词表示建议或咨询性规定。祈使句表示强制性规定。 1.5 工程师应设计并批准测试配置和测试程序。 1.6 本标准的文本引用了提供解释材料的注释和脚注。这些注释和脚注（不包括表和图中的注释和脚注）不应视为本标准的要求。本标准还包括仅供解释或咨询使用的插图和附录。 1.7 单位- 以国际单位制表示的数值应视为标准值。本标准不包括其他计量单位。以国际单位制以外的单位报告试验结果不应视为不符合本标准。 1.8 所有观察值和计算值应符合实践中确定的有效数字和舍入准则 D6026 . 1.9 本标准中用于规定如何收集、记录和计算数据的程序被视为行业标准。此外，它们代表了通常应保留的有效数字。使用的程序不考虑材料变化、获取数据的目的、特殊目的研究或用户目标的任何考虑因素；通常的做法是增加或减少报告数据的有效位数，以与这些考虑因素相称。考虑工程设计分析方法中使用的有效数字超出了本标准的范围。 1.10 本标准并非旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如有）。 本标准的用户有责任在使用前制定适当的安全、健康和环境实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。 1.11 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒（TBT）委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认标准化原则制定的。 ====意义和用途====== 5.1 打桩规范通常规定桩与计划倾角的最大允许偏差。这种偏差可能是土壤剖面变化、钻机不适合作业和/或工艺缺陷造成的。有证据表明，如果桩严格按照轴向荷载设计，超过规定倾角的桩荷载可能会产生过大的弯矩和剪力。 在由连续桩墙或地下连续墙组成的开挖支护中，过度偏差最终可能会减少可用的地下室空间，或在相邻桩中产生不需要的间隙，并允许渗漏或地面损失。因此，有效控制桩倾斜度至关重要。 注2: 测量开挖剖面以推断桩倾斜度具有额外的好处，使承包商能够估计所需的实际混凝土体积。此外，对成品桩剖面的了解可能有助于分析桩完整性测试和荷载测试。

1.1 The test procedures described in this standard measure the inclination of deep foundation elements, including elements in the excavation stage. These Procedures apply to all deep foundations, referred to herein as “piles,” regardless of their method of installation. 1.2 This standard provides minimum requirements for measuring the inclination of deep foundations. Plans, specifications, and/or provisions prepared by a qualified engineer may provide additional requirements and procedures as needed to satisfy the objectives of a particular test program. 1.3 This standard provides the following test Procedures: Procedure A (Inclinometer Testing)—for testing both open boreholes and constructed piles 9.1 Procedure B (Pendulum Testing)—for testing open boreholes 9.2 1.4 Apparati and procedures herein designated “optional” may produce different test results and may be used only when approved by a qualified engineer (hereafter “the Engineer”). The word “shall” indicates a mandatory provision, and the word “should” indicates a recommended or advisory provision. Imperative sentences indicate mandatory provisions. 1.5 The Engineer shall design and approve the test configuration and test procedures. 1.6 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard. This standard also includes illustrations and appendices intended only for explanatory or advisory use. 1.7 Units— The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. Reporting of test results in units other than SI shall not be regarded as nonconformance with this standard. 1.8 All observed and calculated values shall conform to the guidelines for significant digits and rounding established in Practice D6026 . 1.9 The procedures used to specify how data are collected, recorded and calculated in this standard are regarded as the industry standard. In addition, they are representative of the significant digits that should generally be retained. The procedures used do not consider material variation, purpose for obtaining the data, special purpose studies, or any considerations for the user’s objectives; and it is common practice to increase or reduce significant digits of reported data to be commensurate with these considerations. It is beyond the scope of this standard to consider significant digits used in analysis methods for engineering design. 1.10 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.11 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 5.1 Piling specifications often prescribe the maximum allowable pile deviation from the planned inclination. Such a deviation can be the result of variable soil profile, a drilling rig that is inadequate for the job and/or faulty workmanship. There is evidence to show that loading a pile that exceeds the specified inclination can introduce excessive bending moments and shear forces if the pile was designed strictly for axial loads. In excavation support consisting of a contiguous piled wall or diaphragm wall, an excessive deviation may eventually decrease the available basement space or create undesired gaps in adjacent piles and permit seepage or ground loss. Efficient control of pile inclination is therefore of utmost importance. Note 2: Measuring the excavation profile to infer the pile inclination has the additional benefit of enabling the contractor to estimate the actual volume of concrete that will be needed. In addition, knowledge of the finished pile profile may assist in the analysis of pile integrity tests and load tests.