1.1 本指南规定了在高山环境中进行搜索和救援人员的最低培训，包括一般和现场知识、技能和能力。 1.2 高山背书仅适用于那些能够在高山环境的极端条件下，在可能对人类生理产生负面影响的海拔高度进行操作的个人。 1.2.1 具体而言，Alpine认可的个人可以在合格的监督下，在高山环境中安全有效地履行其正常职责。 1.2.2 此外，Alpine认可的个人可以在合格的监督下，独自在山区安全有效地履行其正常职责。 1.3 仅凭Alpine背书不足以表明个人具备执行任何特定职责的知识、技能和/或能力，包括本指南中定义的搜救行动。 1.4 仅本指南并没有提供在部分或完全倒塌的结构、水中或水上、密闭空间或地下（如洞穴、矿山和隧道）进行操作的最低培训要求。 1.5 Alpine认可的个人可以是分类中定义的山地或高山陆地搜索小组或工作队或小组的成员 F1993 . 1.6 Alpine认可的SAR人员必须在主管当局（AHJ）认为适当的合格监督下工作。 1.7 本标准并不旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如有）。本标准的使用者有责任在使用前制定适当的安全、健康和环境实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。 1.8 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认的标准化原则制定的。 ====意义和用途====== 4.1 本指南为在高山环境中进行作业的搜救人员的培训制定了最低标准。 4.1.1 Alpine认可的个人必须至少具备在高山环境中单独或作为团队成员安全移动的相关知识、技能和能力。 4.1.2 被认定为Alpine背书人的每个人都应符合本指南的要求。 4.1.3 获得阿尔卑斯山认可的个人有权在其当前训练水平上添加前缀“阿尔卑斯山认可”和“山地认可”。 4. 4.2 本指南仅规定了一个人作为更大团队的一部分在高山环境中操作所需的最低知识、技能和能力。不包括或暗示任何其他技能。 4.3 阿尔卑斯山背书表示一个人有资格在其正常作业区域的阿尔卑斯山环境中安全有效地作业。 4.3.1 仅凭Alpine背书并不意味着个人拥有足够的实地技能和知识来做出关键任务决策。 4.4 本指南概述了培训或评估Alpine认可个人所需的主题，可用于帮助制定培训文件或计划。 4.5 本指南可用于评估文件，以确定其内容是否包括培训个人在高山环境中操作所需的主题。 同样，本指南可用于评估现有培训计划，以确定其是否符合本指南中的要求。 4.6 以下各节中介绍的知识、技能和能力没有任何特定的顺序，也不代表培训顺序。 4.7 本指南并不独立，必须与其他ASTM标准一起使用，以确定在高山环境中进行搜索和/或救援所需的知识、技能和能力。 4.8 尽管本指南仅规定了最低标准，但并不意味着Alpine认可的个人是组织的“受训人员”、“试用人员”或其他类似成员。 4.8.1 AHJ负责确定其团队成员评级的要求和资格。 4.8.2 本指南中的任何内容都不排除AHJ对其自身成员增加额外要求。 4.9 Alpine认可的个人应通过完成符合指南的职位任务书来记录其培训 F3068 ，或在合格监督下进行现场演示。 4.10 如果必须证明熟练掌握某项技能或能力，除非另有规定，否则应根据AHJ的要求，在初次资格认证时进行证明。

1.1 This guide establishes the minimum training, including general and field knowledge, skills, and abilities, for search and rescue personnel who conduct operations in an alpine environment. 1.2 An Alpine Endorsement is intended only for those individuals capable of operating in the extreme conditions of the alpine environment, at altitudes that are likely to have a negative impact on human physiology. 1.2.1 Specifically, Alpine Endorsed individuals may, under qualified supervision, perform their normal duties safely and effectively in an alpine environment. 1.2.2 In addition, Alpine Endorsed individuals may, under qualified supervision, perform their normal duties safely and effectively in mountainous terrain alone. 1.3 An Alpine Endorsement alone is not sufficient to indicate that an individual has the knowledge, skills, and/or abilities to perform any specific duties, including search and rescue operations, other than those defined in this guide. 1.4 This guide alone does not provide the minimum training requirements for performing operations in partially or fully collapsed structures, in or on water, in confined spaces, or underground (such as in caves, mines, and tunnels). 1.5 An Alpine Endorsed individual may be a member of a Mountainous or Alpine Land Search Team or Task Force or Group, as defined in Classification F1993 . 1.6 Alpine Endorsed SAR personnel must work under qualified supervision as deemed appropriate by the Authority Having Jurisdiction (AHJ). 1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 4.1 This guide establishes a minimum standard for training of SAR personnel who conduct operations in an alpine environment. 4.1.1 Alpine Endorsed individuals are required to have, at a minimum, the knowledge, skills, and abilities pertaining to safe movement individually, or as a member of a team, in an alpine environment. 4.1.2 Every person who is identified as Alpine Endorsed shall meet the requirements of this guide. 4.1.3 Alpine Endorsed individuals shall be entitled to add the prefixes “Alpine Endorsed” and “Mountain Endorsed” to their current training levels. 4 4.2 This guide only establishes the minimum knowledge, skills, and abilities required for a person to operate in an alpine environment as a part of a larger team. No other skills are included or implied. 4.3 An Alpine Endorsement indicates that a person is qualified to operate safely and effectively in the alpine environment in his or her normal area of operations. 4.3.1 An Alpine Endorsement alone does not indicate that an individual possesses adequate field skills and knowledge to make mission-critical decisions. 4.4 This guide is an outline of the topics required for training or evaluating an Alpine Endorsed individual, and may be used to assist in the development of a training document or program. 4.5 This guide can be used to evaluate a document to determine if its content includes the topics necessary for training individuals to operate in the alpine environment. Likewise, this guide can be used to evaluate an existing training program to see if it meets the requirements in this guide. 4.6 The knowledge, skills, and abilities presented in the following sections are not in any particular order and do not represent a training sequence. 4.7 This guide does not stand alone and must be used with other ASTM standards to identify the knowledge, skills, and abilities needed to conduct search and/or rescue in the alpine environment. 4.8 Though this guide establishes only minimum standards, it does not imply that an Alpine Endorsed individual is a “trainee,” “probationary,” or other similarly termed member of an organization. 4.8.1 The AHJ is responsible for determining the requirements and qualifications for its team member ratings. 4.8.2 Nothing in this guide precludes an AHJ from adding additional requirements for its own members. 4.9 An Alpine Endorsed individual shall document his or her training by completion of a position task book compliant with Guide F3068 , or by field demonstration under qualified supervision. 4.10 Where proficiency in a skill or ability must be demonstrated, unless stated otherwise it shall be demonstrated for initial qualification and as often as required by the AHJ.