本文基于ASHRAE研究项目RP-1487的研究结果。随着云计算和计算需求的增长，数据中心将继续成为我们能源负荷的更大部分。正确的设计和布局对于数据中心的高效能源使用至关重要。机架建模是设计过程中的关键部分之一。通常，这是作为一个黑匣子完成的，而不是对机架进行详细建模。在许多数据中心研究中，已经将计算机机架建模为一个黑匣子，但很少根据实验温度和速度数据进行验证。本研究着眼于两种简化的机架模型，并将其与由四个10U服务器模拟器组成的机架进行比较。第一种型号是开箱型，带有加热和风扇板，允许空气流过机架。 第二个模型是一个黑匣子模型，它不允许气流通过齿条，并在进气和排气之间施加一个恒压边界。黑匣子模型将来自齿条进口板处逆风单元的齿条载荷相加，以生成排气温度分布。这两个模型都在一系列气流和机架负载下进行了测试。在所有实验中，平均一致性在5.4°F（3°C）和40 fpm（0.2 m/s）之间。这项研究的一个有趣发现是正确捕捉多孔地砖边界条件的重要性。使用ASHRAE RP-1009中描述的动量法将多孔地砖建模为喷嘴扩散器，发现可产生可接受的多孔地砖气流结果。 引用:阿什雷翻译。第118卷，第。德克萨斯州圣安东尼奥2号

This paper is based on findings resulting from ASHRAE Research Project RP-1487.As cloud computing and computational needs grow, data centers will continue to become a larger part of our energy load. Proper design and layout are crucial to efficient energy use in data centers. Modeling the rack is one of the critical pieces in the design process. Often this is done as a black box rather than modeling the rack in detail. Modeling a computer rack as a black box has been done in numerous data center studies, but rarely has it been validated against experimental temperature and velocity data. This study looks at two simplified rack models and compares them against a rack composed of four 10U server simulators. The first model is an open box model that has a heating and fan plate and allows air to flow through the rack. The second model is a black box model that allows no flow through the rack and imposes a constant pressure boundary across the inlet and exhaust. The black box model adds the rack load from the upwind cells at the rack inlet plate to generate the exhaust temperature profile. Both models were tested across a range of airflows and rack loads. Agreements were found to be within 5.4°F (3°C) and 40 fpm (0.2 m/ s), on average, over all experiments. An interesting finding of this study was the importance of correctly capturing the boundary conditions at the perforated floor tile. Modeling the perforated floor tile as a nozzle diffuser using the momentum method described in ASHRAE RP-1009 was found to produce acceptable results for airflow from the perforated floor tile.