1.1 本试验方法涵盖了在相对较低的均匀应变率或载荷下压缩加载时，非增强和增强硬质塑料（包括高模量复合材料）的机械性能的测定。采用标准形状的试样。本程序适用于41370 MPa（6000000 psi）及以下的复合模量。 1.2 以国际单位制表示的数值应视为标准。括号中的值仅供参考。 注1: 对于用定向连续、不连续或交叉层增强材料增强的树脂基复合材料的压缩性能，可根据试验方法进行试验 D3410/D3410米 或 D6641/D6641米 。 1.3 本标准并非旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如有）。 本标准的使用者有责任在使用前制定适当的安全、健康和环境实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。 中给出了具体的预防说明 13.1 。 注2: 本标准等同于ISO 604 1.4 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认的标准化原则制定的。 ===意义和用途====== 4.1 压缩试验提供了在接近试验条件下使用时塑料压缩性能的信息。 4.2 抗压性能包括弹性模量、屈服应力、超过屈服点的变形和抗压强度（除非材料只是变平但不会断裂）。具有低阶延展性的材料可能不会表现出屈服点。在材料因粉碎性断裂而压缩失败的情况下，压缩强度具有非常确定的值。在材料不会因粉碎性断裂而压缩失效的情况下，压缩强度是任意的，取决于被视为表明材料完全失效的变形程度。许多塑料材料在压缩过程中会继续变形，直到产生一个扁平的圆盘，在这个过程中压缩应力（标称）稳步上升，没有任何井- 定义的断裂发生。在这种情况下，抗压强度可能没有实际意义。 4.3 压缩测试提供了一种标准的方法来获取数据，用于研发、质量控制、规范下的验收或拒收以及特殊目的。在与标准测试的负载时间尺度相差甚远的应用中，这些测试不能被视为对工程设计具有重要意义。此类应用需要额外的测试，如冲击、蠕变和疲劳。 4.4 在进行此测试方法之前，应参考ASTM规范中所测试材料的相关规定。材料规范中包含的任何试样制备、处理、尺寸和试验参数应优先于本试验方法中提及的试样制备。 如果没有材料规范，则应用默认条件。分类中的表1 D4000 列出了当前存在的ASTM材料标准。

1.1 This test method covers the determination of the mechanical properties of unreinforced and reinforced rigid plastics, including high-modulus composites, when loaded in compression at relatively low uniform rates of straining or loading. Test specimens of standard shape are employed. This procedure is applicable for a composite modulus up to and including 41,370 MPa (6,000,000 psi). 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values in parentheses are for information only. Note 1: For compressive properties of resin-matrix composites reinforced with oriented continuous, discontinuous, or cross-ply reinforcements, tests may be made in accordance with Test Method D3410/D3410M or D6641/D6641M . 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. A specific precautionary statement is given in 13.1 . Note 2: This standard is equivalent to ISO 604. 1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 4.1 Compression tests provide information about the compressive properties of plastics when employed under conditions approximating those under which the tests are made. 4.2 Compressive properties include modulus of elasticity, yield stress, deformation beyond yield point, and compressive strength (unless the material merely flattens but does not fracture). Materials possessing a low order of ductility may not exhibit a yield point. In the case of a material that fails in compression by a shattering fracture, the compressive strength has a very definite value. In the case of a material that does not fail in compression by a shattering fracture, the compressive strength is an arbitrary one depending upon the degree of distortion that is regarded as indicating complete failure of the material. Many plastic materials will continue to deform in compression until a flat disk is produced, the compressive stress (nominal) rising steadily in the process, without any well-defined fracture occurring. Compressive strength can have no real meaning in such cases. 4.3 Compression tests provide a standard method of obtaining data for research and development, quality control, acceptance or rejection under specifications, and special purposes. The tests cannot be considered significant for engineering design in applications differing widely from the load-time scale of the standard test. Such applications require additional tests such as impact, creep, and fatigue. 4.4 Before proceeding with this test method, reference should be made to the ASTM specification for the material being tested. Any test specimen preparation, conditioning, dimensions, and testing parameters covered in the materials specification shall take precedence over those mentioned in this test method. If there is no material specification, then the default conditions apply. Table 1 in Classification D4000 lists the ASTM materials standards that currently exist.