1.1 本试验方法包括测定0.010范围内的灰分 % 至0.180 % 按质量计，来自馏出物和残余燃料、燃气轮机燃料、原油、润滑油、蜡和其他石油产品，其中存在的任何成灰材料通常被认为是不受欢迎的杂质或污染物( 注1 ). 试验方法仅限于不添加成灰添加剂的石油产品，包括某些磷化合物( 注释2 ). 注1: 在某些类型的样品中，并非所有成灰金属都定量保留在灰烬中。馏出油尤其如此，需要特殊的灰分程序才能定量保留金属。 注2: 本试验方法不用于分析未使用的含有添加剂的润滑油；对于此类样品，使用测试方法 D874 . 它既不用于分析含铅的润滑油，也不用于分析用过的发动机曲轴箱油。 1.2 以国际单位制表示的数值应视为标准。括号中给出的值仅供参考。性能的首选表达式为质量%。 1.3 本标准并非旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如有）。本标准的用户有责任在使用前制定适当的安全、健康和环境实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。 1.4 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒（TBT）委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认标准化原则制定的。 ====意义和用途====== 4.1 了解产品中存在的成灰材料的数量可以提供有关产品是否适合在给定应用中使用的信息。灰烬可能来自油或水溶性金属化合物或外来固体，如污垢和铁锈。

1.1 This test method covers the determination of ash in the range 0.010 % to 0.180 % by mass, from distillate and residual fuels, gas turbine fuels, crude oils, lubricating oils, waxes, and other petroleum products, in which any ash-forming materials present are normally considered to be undesirable impurities or contaminants ( Note 1 ). The test method is limited to petroleum products which are free from added ash-forming additives, including certain phosphorus compounds ( Note 2 ). Note 1: In certain types of samples, all of the ash-forming metals are not retained quantitatively in the ash. This is particularly true of distillate oils, which require a special ash procedure in order to retain metals quantitatively. Note 2: This test method is not intended for the analysis of unused lubricating oils containing additives; for such samples use Test Method D874 . Neither is it intended for the analysis of lubricating oils containing lead nor for used engine crankcase oils. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only. The preferred expression of the property is mass %. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 4.1 Knowledge of the amount of ash-forming material present in a product can provide information as to whether or not the product is suitable for use in a given application. Ash can result from oil or water-soluble metallic compounds or from extraneous solids such as dirt and rust.