1.1 本试验方法涵盖了测定贵金属涂层孔隙率的设备和技术，尤其是电触点上使用的电镀层和覆层金属。 1.2 该测试方法旨在显示孔隙度水平是否小于或大于用户根据经验认为适用于预期应用的某个值。 1.3 指南中概述了其他孔隙度测试方法 B765 . 孔隙度测试的详细关键审查也可用。 2. 其他孔隙度测试方法包括 B735型 , B741 , B799 和 B809 . 1.4 以国际单位制表示的数值应视为标准值。括号中的值仅供参考。 1.5 本标准并非旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如有）。 本标准的用户有责任熟悉所有危险，包括制造商提供的本产品/材料的适当材料安全数据表（MSDS）中确定的危险，建立适当的安全、健康和环境实践，并在使用前确定监管限制的适用性。 有关具体的危险说明，请参阅第节 7. 和 8. . 1.6 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒（TBT）委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认标准化原则制定的。 ====意义和用途====== 5.1 贵金属涂层，特别是金或钯，通常用于可分离电连接器和其他设备的触点。电镀层是金或钯的形式，最常用于触点，尽管金和钯也用作覆层金属和接触表面上的焊接件。金和钯的固有高贵性在一定程度上使其能够抵抗可能干扰可靠接触操作的绝缘膜的形成。 5.2 为了确保黄金的高贵性，暴露基底金属基板和底板的涂层中的孔隙、裂纹和其他缺陷必须最小或不存在，除非在可以将触点用于保护表面免受环境影响的结构中，或对沉积物进行防腐表面处理的情况下。 涂层中可容忍的孔隙率水平取决于底板或基板环境的严重程度、接触装置的设计因素（如其匹配的力）、电路参数以及需要保持的接触操作的可靠性。此外，当存在孔隙时，表面上孔隙的位置也很重要。如果气孔数量较少或位于配合面接触区之外，则通常可以容忍其存在。 5.3 如果能够确定接触表面上的孔的精确位置和数量，则确定接触表面上孔的方法最合适。接触表面的形状通常是弯曲或不规则的，测试方法应适用于它们。 此外，孔隙度测定试验的严重性可能因能够检测所有孔隙度的程序和仅检测严重缺陷的程序而异。本文件中的试验方法通常被视为严重。 5.4 特定测试揭示的孔隙度水平与接触行为的关系必须由这些测试的用户通过实际经验或判断得出。因此，某些应用可能要求涂层中没有孔隙，而接触区中的少量孔隙可能适用于其他应用。 5.5 本试验方法能够检测金或钯涂层中可能参与基底腐蚀反应的孔隙或其他缺陷。此外，它可以用于具有复杂几何形状的触点，如引脚- 插座触点（尽管在检查深凹槽时可能会遇到困难）。

1.1 This test method covers equipment and techniques for determining porosity in noble metal coatings, particularly electrodeposits and clad metals used on electrical contacts. 1.2 The test method is designed to show whether the porosity level is less or greater than some value which by experience is considered by the user to be acceptable for the intended application. 1.3 Other porosity testing methods are outlined in Guide B765 . Detailed critical reviews of porosity testing are also available. 2 Other porosity test methods are B735 , B741 , B799 , and B809 . 1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values in parentheses are for information only. 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to become familiar with all hazards including those identified in the appropriate Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for this product/material as provided by the manufacturer, to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices, and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see Sections 7 and 8 . 1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 5.1 Noble metal coatings, particularly gold or palladium, are often specified for the contacts of separable electrical connectors and other devices. Electrodeposits are the form of gold or palladium which is most used on contacts, although gold and palladium are also employed as clad metal and as weldments on the contact surface. The intrinsic nobility of gold and to a certain extent palladium enables them to resist the formation of insulating films that could interfere with reliable contact operation. 5.2 In order that the nobility of gold be assured, porosity, cracks, and other defects in the coating that expose base metal substrates and underplates must be minimal or absent, except in those cases where it is feasible to use the contacts in structures that shield the surface from the environment or where corrosion inhibiting surface treatments for the deposit are employed. The level of porosity in the coating that may be tolerable depends on the severity of the environment to the underplate or substrate, design factors for the contact device like the force with which it is mated, circuit parameters, and the reliability of contact operation that it is necessary to maintain. Also, when present, the location of pores on the surface is important. If the pores are few in number or are outside of the zone of contact of the mating surfaces, their presence can often be tolerated. 5.3 Methods for determining pores on a contact surface are most suitable if they enable their precise location and numbers to be determined. Contact surfaces are often curved or irregular in shape, and testing methods should be suitable for them. In addition, the severity of porosity-determining tests may vary from procedures capable of detecting all porosity to procedures that detect only gross defects. The test method in this document is generally regarded as severe. 5.4 The relationship of porosity levels revealed by particular tests to contact behavior must be made by the user of these tests through practical experience or judgment. Thus, absence of porosity in the coating may be a requirement for some applications, while a few pores in the contact zone may be acceptable for others. 5.5 This test method is capable of detecting porosity or other defects in gold or palladium coatings that could participate in substrate corrosion reactions. In addition, it can be used on contacts having complex geometry such as pin-socket contacts (although difficulty may be experienced in inspecting deep recesses).