1.1 这些试验方法包括使用膨胀计在实验室测量岩石的一维线性热膨胀。 1.2 这些方法适用于25°C至300°C的温度。介绍了台式和密闭测量技术。方法A用于无侧限或台式测量，方法B用于受限条件。可以测试不同含水量的岩石。 1.3 为了获得符合这些试验方法的满意结果，应遵循这些试验方法中描述的仪器的尺寸、结构和使用原则。如果报告结果是通过任一试验方法获得的，则应满足该试验方法规定的相关要求。 1.4 这些测试方法没有建立结构和程序的细节，以涵盖可能给不具备热流理论、温度测量和一般测试实践相关技术知识的人员带来困难的所有测试情况。这些测试方法的标准化并不会减少对此类技术知识的需求。 1.5 单位- 以国际单位制表示的数值应视为标准值。国际单位制后括号中给出的值仅供参考，不被视为标准值。以国际单位制以外的单位报告试验结果不应视为不符合本试验方法。 1.6 所有观察值和计算值应符合实践中确定的有效数字和舍入准则 D6026 . 1.6.1 本标准中用于规定如何收集/记录或计算数据的程序被视为行业标准。此外，它们代表了通常应保留的有效数字。使用的程序不考虑材料变化、获取数据的目的、特殊目的研究或用户目标的任何考虑因素；通常的做法是增加或减少报告数据的有效位数，以与这些考虑因素相称。考虑工程设计分析方法中使用的有效数字超出了本标准的范围。 1.7 本标准并非旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如有）。 本标准的用户有责任在使用前制定适当的安全、健康和环境实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。 1.8 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒（TBT）委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认标准化原则制定的。 ====意义和用途====== 5.1 有关岩石热膨胀特性的信息在任何可能加热围岩的地下开挖设计中都很重要。热应变引起热应力，最终影响开挖稳定性。 岩石热应变很重要的应用示例包括:核废物储存库、地下电站、压缩空气储能设施和地热能设施。 5.2 岩石的热膨胀系数α随温度变化而变化。这些方法提供了随温度变化的连续热应变值，因此提供了热膨胀系数如何随温度变化的信息。 5.3 岩石通常也是各向异性的，因此根据应变测量的方向显示不同的热应变。这些方法只允许在一个方向上测量应变。如果预计各向异性，则应制备并测试不同方向的试样。 注1: 本标准产生的结果的质量取决于执行该标准的人员的能力，以及所用设备和设施的适用性。符合实践标准的机构 D3740 通常认为能够胜任和客观测试。本标准的用户应注意遵守惯例 D3740 本身并不能保证可靠的结果。可靠的结果取决于许多因素；实践 D3740 提供了一种评估其中一些因素的方法。

1.1 These test methods cover the laboratory measurement of the one-dimensional linear thermal expansion of rocks using a dilatometer. 1.2 The methods are applicable between temperatures of 25°C to 300°C. Both bench top and confined measurement techniques are presented. Method A is used for unconfined or bench top measurements and Method B is used for confined conditions. Rocks of varying moisture content can be tested. 1.3 For satisfactory results in conformance with these test methods, the principles governing the size, construction, and use of the apparatus described in these test methods shall be followed. If the results are to be reported as having been obtained by either test method, then the pertinent requirements prescribed by that test method shall be met. 1.4 These test methods do not establish details of construction and procedures to cover all test situations that might offer difficulties to a person without technical knowledge concerning the theory of heat flow, temperature measurement, and general testing practices. Standardization of these test methods does not reduce the need for such technical knowledge. 1.5 Units— The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard. Reporting of test results in units other than SI shall not be regarded as nonconformance with this test method. 1.6 All observed and calculated values shall conform to the guidelines for significant digits and rounding established in Practice D6026 . 1.6.1 The procedures used to specify how data are collected/recorded or calculated, in this standard are regarded as the industry standard. In addition, they are representative of the significant digits that generally should be retained. The procedures used do not consider material variation, purpose for obtaining the data, special purpose studies, or any considerations for the user’s objectives; and it is common practice to increase or reduce significant digits of reported data to be commensurate with these considerations. It is beyond the scope of this standard to consider significant digits used in analytical methods for engineering design. 1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 5.1 Information concerning the thermal expansion characteristics of rocks is important in the design of any underground excavation where the surrounding rock may be heated. Thermal strain causes thermal stresses which ultimately affect excavation stability. Examples of applications where rock thermal strain is important include: nuclear waste repositories, underground power stations, compressed air energy storage facilities, and geothermal energy facilities. 5.2 The coefficient of thermal expansion, α, of rock is known to vary as the temperature changes. These methods provide continuous thermal strain values as a function of temperature, and therefore provide information on how the coefficient of thermal expansion changes with temperature. 5.3 Rocks are also often anisotropic, thus displaying different thermal strains depending on the orientation of strain measurement. These methods allow for measuring strain in one direction only. If anisotropy is expected, specimens with different orientations shall be prepared and tested. Note 1: The quality of the result produced by this standard is dependent on the competence of the personnel performing it, and the suitability of the equipment and facilities used. Agencies that meet the criteria of Practice D3740 are generally considered capable of competent and objective testing. Users of this standard are cautioned that compliance with Practice D3740 does not in itself assure reliable results. Reliable results depend on many factors; Practice D3740 provides a means of evaluating some of those factors.