佛罗里达州使用微咸地下水和地表水的饮用水厂依靠 用于处理这些水源的反渗透。该州使用的典型工艺序列 包括:化学预处理；滤筒过滤；反渗透；脱气；腐蚀 控制还有消毒。预处理化学品用于管理RO中的结垢 并降低pH值，以优化脱气器中的硫化氢汽提。邮递 处理化学品用于调节pH值和碱度，以控制腐蚀和 配电系统消毒。本论文的目的是介绍在研究中使用的方法 佛罗里达州西南部，用于处理前和处理后化学品添加和相关成本 并提出一种优化工厂化学应用和工艺的方法 最大限度地降低运营成本。将准备好的成本模型与全面的运营成本模型进行了比较 植物 传统的预处理方法是使用酸和抗腐蚀剂- 阻垢剂可抑制溶液的pH值 在RO元件之前进行给水，以避免结垢。pH值在进入环境时仍然受到抑制 在硫化氢汽提的最佳pH下使用脱气器。根据最近的事态发展 反渗透元件和阻垢剂制造商的变化，一种新的方法是 将pH值校正延迟至脱气前，从而保持环境pH值 RO培养并依靠阻垢剂控制膜中的结垢。这篇论文 介绍了化学优化研究的结果，包括文献综述、数据收集和分析 从区域植物中，用于评估整个植物化学成分的方法，以及由此产生的 2008年和2033年水质状况的年度运营成本。pH值和 利用水化学和单元工艺对整个工厂的碱度曲线进行了检查 分析。研究发现，酸的消耗可以减少，但需要同时进行 用于后处理的化学品增加。结果在很大程度上取决于溶液的碱度 水源。分析结果将与全面运行的电厂进行比较。这个 在给水碱度较低的情况下，新建12 mgd电厂的成本节约可能高达150000美元/年 在运营成本方面寻求最佳解决方案。本文阐述了一种整体优化的方法 在工程设计期间进行工厂评估，以优化化学注入点的位置， 这对于考虑新建电厂或替代供水的公用事业公司来说至关重要。包括3个参考文献、表格和图表。

Drinking water plants in Florida that use brackish groundwater and surface waters rely on reverse osmosis for treating these water sources. The typical process train utilized in the state includes: chemical pretreatment; cartridge filtration; reverse osmosis (RO); degasification; corrosion control; and, disinfection. Pretreatment chemicals are used to manage scaling in the RO membranes and reduce the pH to optimize hydrogen sulfide stripping in the degasifiers. Post treatment chemicals are used to adjust the pH and alkalinity for corrosion control and for distribution system disinfection. The objective of this paper was to present the methods used in southwest Florida for pre- and post-treatment chemical addition and the associated costs with each option, and to present a method for optimizing plant chemical applications and minimizing operational costs. The cost model prepared was compared to a full-scale operating plant. The traditional method of pretreatment uses acid and anti-scalant to suppress the pH of the feedwater prior to the RO elements to avoid scaling. The pH remains suppressed entering the degasifier at the optimum pH for hydrogen sulfide stripping. Following recent developments in reverse osmosis elements and manufacturer changes in scale inhibitors, a new approach is to delay pH correction until just prior to degasification, thus maintaining an ambient pH through the RO trains and relying on the scale inhibitor to control scaling in the membranes. This paper presents the results of the chemical optimization study which included a literature review, data from regional plants, the methods used to evaluate the whole plant chemistry, and the resulting annual operating costs for the year 2008 and year 2033 water quality conditions. The pH and alkalinity profiles through the plant were examined using water chemistry and unit process analyses. The study found that acid consumption could be reduced but required a simultaneous increase in chemicals for post treatment. Results are highly dependent on the alkalinity of the source water. The results of the analysis will be compared to a full-scale operating plant. The cost savings for a new 12 mgd plant at low feedwater alkalinity could be as high as $150,000/year in operating costs for the optimum solution. The paper illustrates a method for whole plant evaluations during engineering to optimize the placement of chemical injection points, which is critical for utilities considering new plants or alternate water supplies. Includes 3 references, tables, figure.