本文介绍了微滤（MF）和超滤膜（UF）的一般特性。表中比较了每种膜的分离能力、操作压力和通量，并在本文中进行了讨论。本文还讨论了膜的材料和性能、膜结构、多孔膜的特性、膜组件、操作模式和膜的选择。图中显示了膜和膜组件的结构、孔径分布、确定最大活性孔的泡点法、过滤模式、操作原理以及污垢对通量的影响。

In this paper, the general properties of microfiltration (MF) and ultrafiltration (UF) membranes are introduced. The separation capabilities, operating pressure, and flux of each type of membrane are compared in a table and discussed in the text. The paper also discusses materials and properties of the membranes, membrane structure, characterization of porous membrane, membrane modules, modes of operation, and selection of membranes. Figures show membrane and membrane module structures, pore size distribution, bubble point method to determine the largest active pores, filtration modes, principles of operation,and effect of fouling on flux.