1.1本指南涵盖了电流系列的开发及其后续使用，作为预测一种金属在浸入电解液时与另一种金属接触时可能对另一种金属罐产生的影响的方法。包括避免已知陷阱的建议。 1.2以国际单位制表示的数值应视为标准值。本标准不包括其他计量单位。 1.3 本标准并非旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如有）。本标准的用户有责任在使用前制定适当的安全和健康实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。 第5节给出了具体的预防说明。 ====意义和用途====== 当电接触中的两种不同金属暴露在公共电解液中时，其中一种金属的腐蚀程度会增加，而另一种金属的腐蚀程度会降低。 这种加速腐蚀被称为电偶腐蚀。由于电偶腐蚀可能以很高的速率发生，因此重要的是要有一种方法来提醒涉及在电解液中使用不同金属组合的产品或设备的用户电偶腐蚀的可能影响。 一种用于预测电偶腐蚀影响的方法是，通过按所需环境和条件中观察到的腐蚀电位顺序排列所需材料的列表来开发电偶系列。然后，可以根据两种金属在该系列中的相对位置来预测在该环境中电偶中腐蚀加剧的金属。 电流系列的类型 : Oe类型的电流系列按腐蚀电位的顺序列出了感兴趣的金属，从最活跃（电负性）开始，按最高贵（电正性）进行。 列出了电位本身（相对于适当的参考半电池），以便可以确定系列中金属之间的电位差。这种类型的电偶序列以图形形式显示为一系列条，显示每个条对面列出的金属所显示的电位范围。这一系列如图1所示。 第二类电偶序列与第一类相似，因为它按腐蚀电位的顺序列出了感兴趣的金属。然而，实际电位本身并未规定。因此，只有材料在序列中的相对位置是已知的，而不是其电位差的大小。这一系列如图2所示。 电流系列的使用 : 通常，在电偶系列中耦合两种金属时，活性较高（电负性）的金属将有腐蚀加剧的趋势，而较贵（电正性）的金属将有腐蚀减弱的趋势。 通常，两种金属的间距越远，因此它们之间的电位差越大，电偶腐蚀的驱动力就越大。在所有其他因素相同的情况下，根据第5节中的预防措施，这种增加的驱动力经常（尽管并非总是）导致更大程度的电偶腐蚀。 笔记 -暗盒表示有源-无源合金的有源行为。 图1:在5到30天内，以2.4到4.0 m/s的速度在流动海水中持续5到15天的各种金属的电偶系列 ° C（原稿重画）（见脚注5） 活动端 镁 ( − ) 镁合金 ↑ 锌 ¦ 镀锌钢 ¦ 铝1100 ¦ 铝6053 ¦ 包铝 ¦ 镉 ¦ 2024铝（4.5 Cu，1.5 Mg，0.6 Mn） ¦ 低碳钢 ¦ 熟铁 ¦ 铸铁 ¦ 13%铬不锈钢 ¦ 410型（有源） ¦ 18-8不锈钢 ¦ 304型（有源） ¦ 18-12-3不锈钢 ¦ 316型（有源） ¦ 铅锡焊料 ¦ 领导 ¦ 锡 ¦ 蒙茨金属 ¦ 锰青铜 ¦ 海军黄铜 ¦ 镍（活性） ¦ 76 Ni-16 Cr-7 Fe合金（活性） ¦ 60 Ni-30 Mo-6 Fe-1 Mn ¦ 黄铜管 ¦ 海军上将黄铜 ¦ 铝黄铜 ¦ 红黄铜 ¦ 铜 ¦ 硅青铜 ¦ 70:30铜镍 ¦ G-青铜 ¦ M-青铜 ¦ 银焊料 ¦ 镍（无源） ¦ 76 Ni-16Cr-7 Fe ¦ 合金（无源） ¦ 67 Ni-33铜合金（蒙乃尔合金） ¦ 13%铬不锈钢 ¦ 410型（无源） ¦ 钛 ¦ 18-8不锈钢 ¦ 304型（无源） ¦ 18-12-3不锈钢 ↓ 316型（无源） (+) 银 NOBLE或 石墨 被动端 金 铂金 图2暴露于海水中的各种金属的电偶系列（见脚注3）

1.1 This guide covers the development of a galvanic series and its subsequent use as a method of predicting the effect that one metal can have upon another metal can when they are in electrical contact while immersed in an electrolyte. Suggestions for avoiding known pitfalls are included. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in Section 5. ====== Significance And Use ====== When two dissimilar metals in electrical contact are exposed to a common electrolyte, one of the metals can undergo increased corrosion while the other can show decreased corrosion. This type of accelerated corrosion is referred to as galvanic corrosion. Because galvanic corrosion can occur at a high rate, it is important that a means be available to alert the user of products or equipment that involve the use of dissimilar metal combinations in an electrolyte of the possible effects of galvanic corrosion. One method that is used to predict the effects of galvanic corrosion is to develop a galvanic series by arranging a list of the materials of interest in order of observed corrosion potentials in the environment and conditions of interest. The metal that will suffer increased corrosion in a galvanic couple in that environment can then be predicted from the relative position of the two metals in the series. Types of Galvanic Series : Oe type of Galvanic Series lists the metals of interest in order of their corrosion potentials, starting with the most active (electronegative) and proceeding in order to the most noble (electropositive). The potentials themselves (versus an appropriate reference half-cell) are listed so that the potential difference between metals in the series can be determined. This type of Galvanic Series has been put in graphical form as a series of bars displaying the range of potentials exhibited by the metal listed opposite each bar. Such a series is illustrated in Fig. 1. The second type of galvanic series is similar to the first in that it lists the metals of interest in order of their corrosion potentials. The actual potentials themselves are not specified, however. Thus, only the relative position of materials in the series is known and not the magnitude of their potential difference. Such a series is shown in Fig. 2. Use of a Galvanic Series : Generally, upon coupling two metals in the Galvanic Series, the more active (electronegative) metal will have a tendency to undergo increased corrosion while the more noble (electropositive) metal will have a tendency to undergo reduced corrosion. Usually, the further apart two metals are in the series, and thus the greater the potential difference between them, the greater is the driving force for galvanic corrosion. All other factors being equal, and subject to the precautions in Section 5, this increased driving force frequently, although not always, results in a greater degree of galvanic corrosion. Note —Dark boxes indicate active behavior of active-passive alloys. FIG. 1 Galvanic Series of Various Metals in Flowing Seawater at 2.4 to 4.0 m/s for 5 to 15 Days at 5 to 30 ° C (Redrawn from Original) (see Footnote 5) ACTIVE END Magnesium ( − ) Magnesium Alloys ↑ Zinc ¦ Galvanized Steel ¦ Aluminum 1100 ¦ Aluminum 6053 ¦ Alclad ¦ Cadmium ¦ Aluminum 2024 (4.5 Cu, 1.5 Mg, 0.6 Mn) ¦ Mild Steel ¦ Wrought Iron ¦ Cast Iron ¦ 13 % Chromium Stainless Steel ¦ Type 410 (Active) ¦ 18-8 Stainless Steel ¦ Type 304 (Active) ¦ 18-12-3 Stainless Steel ¦ Type 316 (Active) ¦ Lead-Tin Solders ¦ Lead ¦ Tin ¦ Muntz Metal ¦ Manganese Bronze ¦ Naval Brass ¦ Nickel (Active) ¦ 76 Ni-16 Cr-7 Fe alloy (Active) ¦ 60 Ni-30 Mo-6 Fe-1 Mn ¦ Yellow Brass ¦ Admirality Brass ¦ Aluminum Brass ¦ Red Brass ¦ Copper ¦ Silicon Bronze ¦ 70:30 Cupro Nickel ¦ G-Bronze ¦ M-Bronze ¦ Silver Solder ¦ Nickel (Passive) ¦ 76 Ni-16Cr-7 Fe ¦ Alloy (Passive) ¦ 67 Ni-33 Cu Alloy (Monel) ¦ 13 % Chromium Stainless Steel ¦ Type 410 (Passive) ¦ Titanium ¦ 18-8 Stainless Steel ¦ Type 304 (Passive) ¦ 18-12-3 Stainless Steel ↓ Type 316 (Passive) (+) Silver NOBLE or Graphite PASSIVE END Gold Platinum FIG. 2 Galvanic Series of Various Metals Exposed to Seawater (see Footnote 3)