本研究考察了当前空气感染隔离室（AIIR）在保护医护人员（HCW）免受空气感染（AI）暴露方面的有效性，并比较了AIIR和传统病房内HCW-AI的暴露情况。我们使用房间几何结构和布局（房间尺寸、浴室尺寸和细节、通风口和家具的位置）、通风参数（入口和出口通风口的流速、扩散器设计、热源等）以及与当地医院测量的压力相对应的压力，对房间内的气流模式进行了数值模拟。 每次模拟中都会引入患者咳嗽，并使用多相流模拟方法及时跟踪AI扩散。测量数据显示，两个房间的通风率均超过每小时12次换气（ACH），AIIR几乎达到每小时16次。因此，AIIR符合建议的通风率和增压设计标准。然而，计算结果显示空气混合不完全，并非所有的室内空气每小时改变12（或16）次。事实上，在房间的某些区域，空气只是循环，并没有刷新。当主排气流量超过主供气流量时，质量流量守恒要求通过空气从走廊通过主门周围的间隙迁移来解释部分不足。 因此，AIIR有效地控制了室内的“传染性气溶胶”。然而，它显示出HCW与AI病原体的接触增加，因为从安装在天花板上的供气百叶窗流出的气流首先遇到了患者，然后HCW几乎直接进入同样位于天花板上的主排气管。传统的病房呈现出类似的流动路径。此外，对于传统的病房，在走廊门周围的缝隙附近观察到一些咳嗽产生的气溶胶，这表明气溶胶可能会逃逸到走廊，并将感染传播到房间之外。 计算结果表明，通风安排可以在更好地保护六氯环己烷免受空气传播的传染病感染方面发挥重要作用:ASHRAE会议论文，伊利诺伊州芝加哥

This study examines the effectiveness of a current Airborne Infection Isolation Room (AIIR) in protecting health-care workers (HCWs) from airborne-infection (AI) exposure, and compares HCW AI exposures within an AIIR and a traditional patient room. We numerically simulated the air-flow patterns in the rooms, using room geometries and layout (room dimensions, bathroom dimensions and details, placement of vents and furniture), ventilation parameters (flow rates at the inlet and outlet vents, diffuser design, thermal sources, etc.), and pressurization corresponding to those measured at a local hospital. A patient-cough was introduced into each simulation, and the AI dispersal was tracked in time using a multi-phase flow simulation approach.The measured data showed that ventilation rates for both rooms exceeded 12 air-changes per hour (ACH), and the AIIR was at almost 16 ACH. Thus, the AIIR met the recommended design criteria for ventilation rate and pressurization. However, the computed results revealed incomplete air mixing, and not all of the room air was changed 12 (or 16) times per hour. In fact, in some regions of the room, the air merely circulated, and did not refresh. With the main exhaust flow rate exceeding the main supply, mass flow rate conservation required a part of the deficit to be accounted for by air migration from the corridor through the gaps around the main door. Hence, the AIIR was effective in containing the "infectious aerosol" within the room. However, it showed increased exposure of the HCW to the AI pathogens, as the flow from the ceilingmounted supply louver first encountered the patient and then the HCW almost directly on its way to the main exhaust, also located on the ceiling. The traditional patient room exhibited a similar flow path. In addition, for the traditional patient room, some cough-generated aerosol is observed very close to the gaps around the door to the corridor, indicating that the aerosol may escape to the corridor, and spread the infection beyond the room. The computational results suggest that ventilation arrangement can have an important role in better protecting the HCW from exposure to airborne infectious pathogens