中庭和其他大容积空间没有传统上主要用于防火的分隔空间。此外，在这些大容积空间中，洒水器的有效性是有限的。由于这些原因，大容量空间的烟雾管理系统尤为重要。这些系统的三种方法是烟雾填充、重力通风和排烟。英国和澳大利亚通常采用重力通风，而美国则采用排烟。烟层的厚度多年来一直备受关注，但现在已有方法确保烟层具有足够的深度，以便有效排烟或排气。 本文还讨论了分层、探测、比例建模和计算流体动力学（CFD）等问题。单位:双引文:研讨会，ASHRAE交易，第106卷，pt。1.

Atria and other large volume spaces do not have the compartmentation that has traditionally been a major contributor of fire protection. Further, the effectiveness of sprinklers in these large volume spaces is limited. For these reasons, smoke management systems for large volume spaces is of particular importance. Three approaches to these systems are smoke filling, gravity venting, and smoke exhaust. Gravity venting is commonly used in the United Kingdom and Australia where smoke exhaust would be used in the United States. The thickness of the smoke layer has been of concern for several years, but methods are now available to ensure that the smoke layer is of sufficient depth for effective smoke exhaust or venting. Issues of stratification, detection, scale modeling, and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) are also addressed in this paper.Units: Dual