ISO 28591:2017规定了按离散项目属性进行检验的顺序抽样计划和程序。 这些计划根据生产者和消费者的风险点编制索引。因此，它们不仅可用于验收抽样，还可用于验证简单的比例统计假设。 本国际标准的目的是提供对检验结果进行顺序评估的程序，该程序可用于通过大量劣质不被接受的经济和心理压力，促使供应商提供大量具有高验收概率的质量。同时，消费者接受大量劣质商品的概率有一个规定的上限。 ISO 28591:2017提供了适用于但不限于不同领域检验的抽样计划，例如: -最终项目， -组件和原材料， -行动， -加工中的材料， -库存物资， -维护操作， -数据或记录，以及 -行政程序。 ISO 28591:2017包含按离散项目属性进行检验的抽样计划。当不合格程度以不合格项的比例（或百分比）或每项（每100项）的不合格程度表示时，可使用抽样计划。 抽样计划基于以下假设:不符合项随机发生，且具有统计独立性。可能有充分的理由怀疑某个项目中的一个不符合项可能是由一种可能导致其他不符合项的情况引起的。 如果是这样，最好将项目视为符合或不符合，忽略多个不符合项。 本国际标准中的取样计划应主要用于分析从工艺中采集的样品。例如，它们可用于从受统计控制的过程中抽取的批次的验收抽样。然而，当单个批次的尺寸较大且预期不合格分数较小（显著小于10%）时，它们也可用于对其进行验收抽样。 对于连续系列批次的验收抽样，应采用ISO 2859？5中公布的逐批检验验收质量限（AQL）索引的顺序抽样计划系统。

ISO 28591:2017 specifies sequential sampling plans and procedures for inspection by attributes of discrete items. The plans are indexed in terms of the producer's risk point and the consumer's risk point. Therefore, they can be used not only for the purposes of acceptance sampling, but for a more general purpose of the verification of simple statistical hypotheses for proportions. The purpose of this International Standard is to provide procedures for sequential assessment of inspection results that may be used to induce the supplier, through the economic and psychological pressure of non-acceptance of lots of inferior quality, to supply lots of a quality having a high probability of acceptance. At the same time, the consumer is protected by a prescribed upper limit to the probability of accepting lots of poor quality. ISO 28591:2017 provides sampling plans that are applicable, but not limited, to inspection in different fields, such as: - end items, - components and raw materials, - operations, - materials in process, - supplies in storage, - maintenance operations, - data or records, and - administrative procedures. ISO 28591:2017 contains sampling plans for inspection by attributes of discrete items. The sampling plans may be used when the extent of nonconformity is expressed either in terms of proportion (or percent) nonconforming items or in terms of nonconformities per item (per 100 items). The sampling plans are based on the assumption that nonconformities occur randomly and with statistical independence. There may be good reasons to suspect that one nonconformity in an item could be caused by a condition also likely to cause others. If so, it would be better to consider the items just as conforming or not, and ignore multiple nonconformities. The sampling plans from this International Standard should primarily be used for the analysis of samples taken from processes. For example, they may be used for the acceptance sampling of lots taken from a process that is under statistical control. However, they may also be used for the acceptance sampling of an isolated lot when its size is large, and the expected fraction nonconforming is small (significantly smaller than 10 %). In the case of the acceptance sampling of continuing series of lots, the system of sequential sampling plans indexed by acceptance quality limit (AQL) for lot-by-lot inspection published in ISO 2859？5 should be applied.