1.1 本指南建立了在模拟操作条件下评估衬里系统试样的程序。 1.2 根据本指南测试的衬里系统旨在用于新结构和翻新现有系统或组件。 1.3 根据本指南评估的衬里系统预计将应用于包括以下系统中的水润湿（即连续或间歇浸入）表面的金属基材: 1.3.1 安全相关部件上游的厂用水管道， 1.3.2 厂用水泵内部构件（尾水管、蜗壳和扩散器）， 1.3.3 厂用水热交换器通道、通道隔板、管板、端盖和盖， 1.3.4 厂用水过滤器，以及 1.3.5 换料储水箱和换料腔储水箱。 1.4 本指南预计要测试的衬里系统包括液体级和糊状聚合物材料。片状衬里材料，如橡胶，不在本指南范围内。 1.5 由于这些测试的专业性，以及在许多情况下希望在某种程度上模拟预期的服务环境，因此创建标准实践是不现实的。 本标准提供了设置测试的指导，并规定了即使使用不同的材料、试样制备方法和测试设施也可以遵循的测试程序和报告要求。 1.6 以英寸-磅为单位的数值应视为标准值。括号中给出的值是到国际单位制的数学转换，仅供参考，不被视为标准值。 1.7 本标准并非旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如有）。本标准的用户有责任在使用前制定适当的安全、健康和环境实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。 1.8 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒（TBT）委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认标准化原则制定的。 ====意义和用途====== 5.1 安全相关厂用水系统（SWS）部件的设计旨在为设备提供足够的冷却，这些设备对电厂的安全运行和关闭至关重要。安装这些系统中的衬里是为了通过防止结构金属材料的腐蚀和侵蚀来保持系统组件的完整性。 部件上游厂用水系统表面的衬里，包括换热器、孔板、过滤器和阀门，其分离可能影响核电站的安全运行或关闭，可能被视为与安全相关，具体取决于核电站的许可承诺和设计基础。 5.2 本指南中的测试用于提供合理的保证，即衬里在适当应用时，将通过在较长时间内防止腐蚀和侵蚀而适用于预期用途。此外，得出的测试数据允许制定时间表、方法和技术，以评估衬里材料的状况（见指南） D7167 ). 测试的最终目标是避免可能导致设备（如管道或传热部件）堵塞的衬里故障，从而阻止系统或部件执行其预期的安全功能。 5.3 预计本指南将用于: 5.3.1 衬里制造商比较特定产品和系统，并为推荐的衬里和 5.3.2 最终用户寻求候选涂层系统的一致设计基础。 5.4 如果发生冲突，本指南的用户必须认识到被许可方的工厂- 对于CSL III衬里材料的选择过程和资格，应以具体的质量保证计划和许可承诺为准。 5.5 运行经验表明，换热器衬里的最恶劣运行条件发生在通道隔板上。一种被称为“冷壁效应”的现象加速了水分通过应用于分隔两种不同温度下流体的隔板较热侧的涂层的渗透。衬里的厚度和渗透性是影响衬里承受冷壁起泡能力的关键变量。 5.5.1 当分离出的液体是水时，这种效应尤其明显，尽管当另一侧只有空气时，例如，充满热液体的室外储罐时，会发生这种效应。换热器通道分区表示的几何形状特别容易受到驱动冷壁效应的水-水最大温差（ΔTs）的影响。 5.5.2 通道隔板将相对较冷的流入冷却水与通过热交换器热负荷加热的排放水分开。设计不当的涂层会因低温加速水分渗透到基材- 墙效应。核工业中已注意到许多通道隔板温侧过早起泡的情况。这种劣化也出现在反映水-空气配置的内衬盖板和通道筒段上。 5.6 众所周知，大的水对水ΔTs是最严重的设计条件。用于复制ΔT配置的测试装置称为“Atlas电池”Atlas电池测试受行业标准测试方法（测试方法 C868 和NACE TM0174）。经证明适用于最严重假设ΔT的衬里也适用于其他滨水表面。 5.7 电厂冷却水的成分和温度随季节变化。为了实现标准化，在Atlas电池暴露中使用软化水，而不是工厂原水。聚合物涂层技术普遍认为，低电导率水（去离子水或脱矿质水）渗透衬里的能力比原水更具侵蚀性。因此，规定使用低电导率水作为试验介质被认为是保守的。

1.1 This guide establishes procedures for evaluating lining system test specimens under simulated operating conditions. 1.2 Lining systems to be tested in accordance with this guide are intended for use in both new construction and for refurbishing existing systems or components. 1.3 The lining systems evaluated in accordance with this guide are expected to be applied to metal substrates comprising water-wetted (that is, continuous or intermittent immersion) surfaces in systems that may include: 1.3.1 Service water piping upstream of safety-related components, 1.3.2 Service water pump internals (draft tube, volutes, and diffusers), 1.3.3 Service water heat exchanger channels, pass partitions, tubesheets, end bells, and covers, 1.3.4 Service water strainers, and 1.3.5 Refueling water storage tanks and refuel cavity water storage tanks. 1.4 This guide anticipates that the lining systems to be tested include liquid-grade and paste-grade polymeric materials. Sheet type lining materials, such as rubber, are excluded from the scope of this guide. 1.5 Because of the specialized nature of these tests and the desire in many cases to simulate to some degree the expected service environment, the creation of a standard practice is not practical. This standard gives guidance in setting up tests and specifies test procedures and reporting requirements that can be followed even with differing materials, specimen preparation methods, and test facilities. 1.6 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard. 1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 5.1 Safety-related service water system (SWS) components are designed to provide adequate cooling to equipment essential to the safe operation and shutdown of the plant. Linings in these systems are installed to maintain the integrity of the system components by preventing corrosion and erosion of the metal materials of construction. Linings on SWS surfaces upstream of components, including heat exchangers, orifice plates, strainers, and valves, the detachment of which may affect safe-plant operation or shutdown, may be considered safety-related, depending on plant-specific licensing commitments and design bases. 5.2 The testing presented in this guide is used to provide reasonable assurance that the linings, when properly applied, will be suitable for the intended service by preventing corrosion and erosion for some extended period of time. Additionally, the test data derived allows development of schedules, methods, and techniques for assessing the condition of the lining materials (see Guide D7167 ). The ultimate objective of the testing is to avoid lining failures that could result in blockage of equipment, such as piping or heat transfer components, preventing the system or component from performing its intended safety function. 5.3 It is expected that this guide will be used by: 5.3.1 Lining manufacturers for comparing specific products and systems and to establish a qualification basis for recommended linings and 5.3.2 End users seeking a consistent design basis for candidate coating systems. 5.4 In the event of conflict, users of this guide must recognize that the licensee's plant-specific quality assurance program and licensing commitments shall prevail with respect to the selection process for and qualification of CSL III lining materials. 5.5 Operating experience has shown that the most severe operating conditions with respect to heat exchanger linings occur on pass partitions. A phenomenon known as the “cold wall effect” accelerates moisture permeation through a coating applied to the warmer side of a partition that separates fluids at two different temperatures. The thickness and permeability of the lining are key variables affecting the ability of a lining to withstand cold wall blistering. 5.5.1 This effect is particularly pronounced when the separated fluids are water, though the effect will occur when only air is on the other side, for example, an outdoor tank filled with warm liquid. A heat exchanger pass partition represents geometry uniquely vulnerable to the water-to-water maximized temperature differentials (ΔTs) that drive the cold wall effect. 5.5.2 Pass partitions separate relatively cold incoming cooling water from the discharge water warmed by the heat exchanger's thermal duty. Improperly designed coatings will exhibit moisture permeation to the substrate accelerated by the cold-wall effect. Many instances of premature pass partition warm-side blistering have been noted in the nuclear industry. Such degradation has also been seen on lined cover plate and channel barrel segments that reflect water-to-air configurations. 5.6 Large water-to-water ΔTs are known to be the most severe design condition. The test device used to replicate ΔT configurations is known as an “Atlas cell.” Atlas cell testing is governed by industry standard test methodologies (Test Method C868 and NACE TM0174). A lining proven suitable for the most severe hypothesized ΔT would also be suitable for service on other waterside surfaces. 5.7 Plant cooling water varies in composition and temperature seasonally. For purposes of standardization, demineralized water is used in Atlas cell exposures rather than raw plant water. It is generally accepted in polymeric coatings technology that low-conductivity water (deionized or demineralized) is more aggressive with respect to its ability to permeate linings than raw water. Thus, stipulating use of low-conductivity water as the test medium is considered conservative.