1.1 该试验方法提供了一种使用瞬态热法测定土壤和岩石热导率（λ）的程序。该试验方法适用于土壤和岩石的完整样本以及复原土壤样本，在实验室和现场都是有效的。这种测试方法最适用于均质材料，但也可以给出非均质材料的代表性平均值。 1.2 该测试方法适用于能够支撑传感器孔的干燥、不饱和或饱和材料。它在＜0到＞100°C的温度范围内有效，这取决于热针探头结构对极端温度的适用性。但是，必须注意防止出现以下重大错误: （1） 由于所述针式探针的加热导致的热梯度而导致的水的重新分布； （2） 水力梯度引起的水再分配（高饱和度或表面蒸发的重力排水）； （3） 温度接近0°C或100°C的试样中水的相变。 1.3 单位-- 以国际单位制表示的数值应视为标准。本标准中不包括其他测量单位。以SI以外的单位报告试验结果不应被视为不符合本标准。 1.4 所有观测值和计算值应符合实践中制定的有效数字和四舍五入指南 D6026 。 1.4.1 本标准中用于规定如何收集/记录或计算数据的程序被视为行业标准。此外，它们代表了通常应保留的有效数字。所使用的程序不考虑材料变化、获取数据的目的、特殊目的研究或用户目标的任何考虑因素；并且通常的做法是增加或减少报告数据的有效数字以与这些考虑相称。 考虑工程设计分析方法中使用的有效数字超出了本标准的范围。 注1: 该试验方法也适用于并通常用于测定各种地质来源的工程多孔材料的热导率，包括混凝土、流化热回填（FTB）和热灌浆。 1.5 本标准并非旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如有）。本标准的使用者有责任在使用前制定适当的安全、健康和环境实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。 1.6 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认的标准化原则制定的。 ===意义和用途====== 5.1 完整土壤样本、复原土壤样本和岩石样本的热导率用于分析和设计涉及地下输电线路、石油和天然气管道、放射性废物处理、地热应用和太阳能储热设施等的系统。可以在现场（原位）进行测量，也可以在实验室环境中测试样本。 注2: 本标准产生的结果的质量取决于执行该标准的人员的能力以及所用设备和设施的适用性。符合实践标准的机构 D3740 通常被认为能够胜任和客观的测试。本标准的使用者应注意遵守实践 D3740 本身并不能确保可靠的结果。可靠的结果取决于许多因素；实践 D3740 提供了评估其中一些因素的方法。

1.1 This test method presents a procedure for determining the thermal conductivity (λ) of soil and rock using a transient heat method. This test method is applicable for both intact specimens of soil and rock and reconstituted soil specimens, and is effective in the lab and in the field. This test method is most suitable for homogeneous materials, but can also give a representative average value for non-homogeneous materials. 1.2 This test method is applicable to dry, unsaturated or saturated materials that can sustain a hole for the sensor. It is valid over temperatures ranging from <0 to >100°C, depending on the suitability of the thermal needle probe construction to temperature extremes. However, care must be taken to prevent significant error from: (1) redistribution of water due to thermal gradients resulting from heating of the needle probe; (2) redistribution of water due to hydraulic gradients (gravity drainage for high degrees of saturation or surface evaporation); (3) phase change of water in specimens with temperatures near 0°C or 100°C. 1.3 Units— The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. No other units of measurements are included in this standard. Reporting of test results in units other than SI shall not be regarded as nonconformance with this standard. 1.4 All observed and calculated values shall conform to the guidelines for significant digits and rounding established in Practice D6026 . 1.4.1 The procedures used to specify how data are collected/recorded or calculated in this standard are regarded as the industry standard. In addition, they are representative of the significant digits that generally should be retained. The procedures used do not consider material variation, purpose for obtaining the data, special purpose studies, or any considerations for the user’s objectives; and it is common practice to increase or reduce significant digits of reported data to be commensurate with these considerations. It is beyond the scope of this standard to consider significant digits used in analytical methods for engineering design. Note 1: This test method is also applicable and commonly used for determining thermal conductivity of a variety of engineered porous materials of geologic origin including concrete, Fluidized Thermal Backfill (FTB), and thermal grout. 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 5.1 The thermal conductivity of intact soil specimens, reconstituted soil specimens, and rock specimens is used to analyze and design systems involving underground transmission lines, oil and gas pipelines, radioactive waste disposal, geothermal applications, and solar thermal storage facilities, among others. Measurements can be made on site (in situ), or samples can be tested in a lab environment. Note 2: The quality of the result produced by this standard is dependent on the competence of the personnel performing it, and the suitability of the equipment and facilities used. Agencies that meet the criteria of Practice D3740 are generally considered capable of competent and objective testing. Users of this standard are cautioned that compliance with Practice D3740 does not in itself ensure reliable results. Reliable results depend on many factors; Practice D3740 provides a means of evaluating some of those factors.