This Technical Report gives an overview of methods which can be used for the determination of the bio-based content of solid, liquid and gaseous products. It describes more specifically:
a) a method using the radiocarbon analysis and elemental analysis: this method is based on a statement and a verification of the composition of the products;
b) methods based on measurement of stable isotopic ratio; and
c) a method based on the material balance.
This Technical Report gives guidance on the applicability of the different methods.
This Technical Report also gives recommendations for the further development of European Standards for the determination of the bio-based content.