1.1 本试验方法包括测定表面研磨对高级陶瓷挠曲强度的影响。高级陶瓷材料的表面磨削会在近表面层中产生微裂纹和其他变化，通常称为损伤（参见 图1 和参考文献。 ( 1. ) ). 2. 这种损伤通常会导致材料弯曲强度的降低。弯曲强度的变化程度由研磨过程和特定陶瓷材料的响应特性决定。该方法将应用用户指定的表面研磨工艺后的高级陶瓷材料的挠曲强度与相同材料的基准挠曲强度进行比较。在应用本标准规定的表面研磨工艺后，获得基准挠曲强度。 预计基准挠曲强度接近材料的固有强度。挠曲强度通过ASTM挠曲试验方法测量。 图1 与研磨相关的微裂纹（参考( 1. )) 2. 1.2 用于确定表面磨削效果的弯曲试验方法如下 第161页 环境温度下高级陶瓷弯曲强度的试验方法 第211页 高温下高级陶瓷抗弯强度的试验方法。 1.3 本标准涵盖的材料是符合弯曲试验标准规定标准的高级陶瓷 第161页 和 第211页 . 1.4 支持本标准的挠曲试验方法( 第161页 和 第211页 )要求试样具有矩形横截面、平坦表面，并且具有特定尺寸和公差。 只有能够生成指定平面的磨削工艺，即平面磨削模式，才适合通过该方法进行评估。适用的机器类型包括水平和垂直主轴往复表面磨床、水平和垂直轴旋转表面磨床、双盘磨床以及刀具和刀具磨床。可使用增量横向进给、切入和蠕变进给磨削方法。 1.5 以国际单位制表示的值应视为标准值。本标准不包括其他测量单位。 1.6 本标准并不旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如有）。本标准的使用者有责任在使用前建立适当的安全、健康和环境实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。 1.7 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒（TBT）委员会发布的《国际标准、指南和建议制定原则决定》中确立的国际公认标准化原则制定的。 =====意义和用途====== 5.1 表面研磨可显著降低 4. 先进陶瓷材料的抗弯强度。强度损失的大小取决于研磨条件和材料的响应。该测试方法可用于获得高级陶瓷材料的磨削条件和弯曲强度之间关系的详细表征。可以测量改变单个磨削参数或多个磨削参数对弯曲强度的影响。 该方法还可用于根据不同材料对一种或多种不同研磨条件的响应来比较和排序不同材料。通过该方法获得的结果可用于开发最佳研磨工艺，以最大化特定弯曲强度要求的材料去除率。该测试方法有助于改进耐磨削损伤陶瓷材料的开发。它还可用于质量控制目的，以监控和确保高级陶瓷材料零件制造过程中研磨过程的一致性。该试验方法适用于产生平面的磨削方法，不直接适用于产生非平面表面的磨削方法（如圆柱磨削和无心磨削）。

1.1 This test method covers the determination of the effect of surface grinding on the flexure strength of advanced ceramics. Surface grinding of an advanced ceramic material can introduce microcracks and other changes in the near surface layer, generally referred to as damage (see Fig. 1 and Ref. ( 1 ) ). 2 Such damage can result in a change—most often a decrease—in flexure strength of the material. The degree of change in flexure strength is determined by both the grinding process and the response characteristics of the specific ceramic material. This method compares the flexure strength of an advanced ceramic material after application of a user-specified surface grinding process with the baseline flexure strength of the same material. The baseline flexure strength is obtained after application of a surface grinding process specified in this standard. The baseline flexure strength is expected to approximate closely the inherent strength of the material. The flexure strength is measured by means of ASTM flexure test methods. FIG. 1 Microcracks Associated with Grinding (Ref. ( 1 )) 2 1.2 Flexure test methods used to determine the effect of surface grinding are C1161 Test Method for Flexure Strength of Advanced Ceramics at Ambient Temperatures and C1211 Test Method for Flexure Strength of Advanced Ceramics at Elevated Temperatures. 1.3 Materials covered in this standard are those advanced ceramics that meet criteria specified in flexure testing standards C1161 and C1211 . 1.4 The flexure test methods supporting this standard ( C1161 and C1211 ) require test specimens that have a rectangular cross section, flat surfaces, and that are fabricated with specific dimensions and tolerances. Only grinding processes that are capable of generating the specified flat surfaces, that is, planar grinding modes, are suitable for evaluation by this method. Among the applicable machine types are horizontal and vertical spindle reciprocating surface grinders, horizontal and vertical spindle rotary surface grinders, double disk grinders, and tool-and-cutter grinders. Incremental cross-feed, plunge, and creep-feed grinding methods may be used. 1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 5.1 Surface grinding can cause a significant decrease 4 in the flexure strength of advanced ceramic materials. The magnitude of the loss in strength is determined by the grinding conditions and the response of the material. This test method can be used to obtain a detailed characterization of the relationship between grinding conditions and flexure strength for an advanced ceramic material. The effect on flexure strength of varying a single grinding parameter or several grinding parameters can be measured. The method may also be used to compare and rank different materials according to their response to one or more different grinding conditions. Results obtained by this method can be used to develop an optimum grinding process with respect to maximizing material removal rate for a specified flexure strength requirement. The test method can assist in the development of improved grinding-damage-tolerant ceramic materials. It may also be used for quality control purposes to monitor and assure the consistency of a grinding process in the fabrication of parts from advanced ceramic materials. The test method is applicable to grinding methods that generate a planar surface and is not directly applicable to grinding methods that produce non-planar surfaces such as cylindrical and centerless grinding.