1.1 这些测试方法涵盖了主要用于织物屋顶系统的涂层和层压织物的测试。这些涂层和层压织物通常采用织物屋顶系统的空气支撑或张力支撑结构。 1.2 这些方法可用于大多数纤维基、涂层和层压建筑织物。 1.3 本标准包括以下章节，提供了涂层和层压建筑织物的测试程序: 部分 织物计数 8. 单位面积质量 9 织物厚度 10 织物宽度 11 织物长度 12 织物弓 13 涂层与织物的附着力 14 静载荷下的单轴伸长率 15 织物断裂力 16 折皱后断裂强度 17 断裂伸长率 18 织物梯形撕裂力 19 抗加速风化 20 太阳光学特性 21 织物阻燃性 22 降噪系数 23 1.4 这些测试方法仅包括测试程序，不包括规范或公差。它们旨在作为规范指南。这些方法中的任何一种都可以在材料规范中使用，以评估与特定工作相关的特定最终用途的要求。 1.5 以国际单位制或英寸-磅单位表示的数值应单独视为标准。在文本中，英寸-磅单位显示在括号中。每个系统中规定的值不是精确的等价物；因此，每个系统应相互独立使用。 1.6 本标准并非旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如有）。本标准的用户有责任在使用前制定适当的安全、健康和环境实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。 具体警告声明见 14.1 , A1.3.3.1 , A2.3.3.1 和 A3.3.3.1 . 1.7 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒（TBT）委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认标准化原则制定的。 ====意义和用途====== 5.1 本标准中的程序可用于建筑用涂层和层压织物的商业装运验收测试，因为这些测试方法已在验收测试行业中广泛使用。然而，在测试涂层与织物的附着力和折皱后的断裂强度时，建议谨慎，因为已知实验室之间的精度较差（参见 24.2 ). 对于这些情况，按照 5.1.1 ，可能是可取的。 5.1.1 在使用测试方法时，由于报告的测试结果不同而引起争议的情况下 D4851 对于商业装运的验收测试，买方和供应商应进行比较测试，以确定其实验室之间是否存在统计偏差。 建议为调查偏差提供称职的统计协助。作为最低要求，双方应尽可能从大量相关类型的材料中选取一组均匀的试样。然后，应将试样以相同数量随机分配给每个实验室进行测试。应使用对未配对数据的适当统计分析和双方在测试开始前选择的可接受概率水平，比较两个实验室的平均结果。如果发现偏差，必须找到并纠正其原因，或者买方和供应商必须同意在考虑已知偏差的情况下解释未来的测试结果。 5.2 在特定测试方法的适当章节中讨论了特定特性的用途和意义。

1.1 These test methods cover the testing of coated and laminated fabrics made primarily for use in fabric roof systems. These coated and laminated fabrics are generally in either an air supported or tension supported construction of fabric roof systems. 1.2 These methods can be used for most fiber-based, coated and laminated architectural fabrics. 1.3 This standard includes the following sections that provide test procedures for coated and laminated architectural fabrics: Section Fabric Count 8 Mass per Unit Area 9 Fabric Thickness 10 Fabric Width 11 Fabric Length 12 Fabric Bow 13 Adhesion of Coating to Fabric 14 Uniaxial Elongation Under Static Load 15 Fabric Breaking Force 16 Breaking Strength After Crease Fold 17 Elongation at Break 18 Fabric Trapezoid Tear Force 19 Resistance to Accelerated Weathering 20 Solar Optical Properties 21 Fabric Flame Resistance 22 Noise Reduction Coefficient 23 1.4 These test methods include only testing procedures and do not include specifications or tolerances. They are intended as a guide for specifications. Any of these methods may be used in material specifications to evaluate requirements for a specific end use as related to a particular job. 1.5 The values stated in either SI or inch-pound units are to regarded separately as the standard. Within the text, the inch-pound units are shown in parentheses. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. 1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific warning statements are given in 14.1 , A1.3.3.1 , A2.3.3.1 , and A3.3.3.1 . 1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 5.1 The procedures in this standard can be used for acceptance testing of commercial shipments of coated and laminated fabrics for architectural use since these test methods have been used extensively in the trade for acceptance testing. Caution is advised, however, when testing adhesion of coating to fabric and breaking strength after crease fold because between laboratory precision is known to be poor (see 24.2 ). For these cases, comparative tests conducted, as directed in 5.1.1 , may be advisable. 5.1.1 In cases of a dispute arising from differences in reported test results when using Test Methods D4851 for acceptance testing of commercial shipments, the purchaser and the supplier should conduct comparative tests to determine if there is a statistical bias between their laboratories. Competent statistical assistance is recommended for the investigation of bias. As a minimum, the two parties should take a group of test specimens which are as homogeneous as possible and from a lot of material of the type in question. The test specimens should then be randomly assigned in equal numbers to each laboratory for testing. The average results from the two laboratories should be compared using appropriate statistical analysis for unpaired data and an acceptable probability level chosen by the two parties before the testing is begun. If a bias is found, either its cause must be found and corrected or the purchaser and the supplier must agree to interpret future test results with consideration of the known bias. 5.2 The uses and significance of specific properties are discussed in the appropriate sections of specific test methods.