1.1 这些试验方法包括用原子吸收分光光度法测定水中的铜。部分 34 质量控制与这些试验方法有关。包括以下三种试验方法: 试验方法 浓度 范围 小节 A-原子吸收， 直接的 0.05至5毫克/升 7 – 15 B-原子吸收， 螯合萃取 50至500微克/升 16 – 24 C-原子吸收， 石墨炉 5至100微克/升 25 – 33 1.2 可测定溶解铜或总可回收铜。溶解铜的测定需要通过0.45μm( 11.10 )收集时使用薄膜过滤器。最好采用在线膜过滤。 1.3 以国际单位制表示的数值应视为标准值。括号中给出的值是英寸-磅单位的数学转换，仅供参考，不被视为标准值。 1.4 以前的三种光度试验方法已停止使用。 提到 附录X1 以获取历史信息。 1.5 本标准并非旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如有）。本标准的用户有责任在使用前制定适当的安全和健康实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。 有关具体的危险说明，请参阅 11.3 , 11.9.1 , 20.10 和 22.11 . 1.6 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒（TBT）委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认标准化原则制定的。 ====意义和用途====== 4.1 铜主要以硫化物、氧化物或碳酸盐的形式存在于天然矿物中。约占0.01 % 从黄铜矿（CuFeS）等矿石中商业化获得 2. ). 铜也存在于生物复合物中，如血蓝蛋白。 4.2 铜通过矿物的自然溶解过程、工业废水、作为硫酸铜用于控制某些水库和配水系统中的生物生长以及铜合金水管的腐蚀进入供水系统。废水中可能含有大量铜的行业包括采矿、弹药生产以及大多数金属电镀和精加工作业。它可能以简单的离子形式出现，或与氰化物、氯化物、氨或有机配体等基团的许多络合物之一出现。 4.3 尽管铜的盐类，尤其是硫酸铜，抑制了某些藻类和细菌等生物的生长，但铜被认为是人体营养所必需的，在供水中通常存在的浓度下，铜并不被视为有毒化学物质。 4.4 ICP-MS或ICP- AES也可能适用，但仪器成本较高。见测试方法 D5673 和 D1976 .

1.1 These test methods cover the determination of copper in water by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Section 34 on Quality Control pertains to these test methods. Three test methods are included as follows: Test Method Concentration Range Sections A—Atomic Absorption, Direct 0.05 to 5 mg/L 7 – 15 B—Atomic Absorption, Chelation-Extraction 50 to 500 μg/L 16 – 24 C—Atomic Absorption, Graphite Furnace 5 to 100 μg/L 25 – 33 1.2 Either dissolved or total recoverable copper may be determined. Determination of dissolved copper requires filtration through a 0.45-μm ( 11.10 ) membrane filter at the time of collection. In-line membrane filtration is preferable. 1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversion to inch-pound units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard. 1.4 Three former photometric test methods were discontinued. Refer to Appendix X1 for historical information. 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see 11.3 , 11.9.1 , 20.10 , and 22.11 . 1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 4.1 Copper is found in naturally occurring minerals principally as a sulfide, oxide, or carbonate. It makes up approximately 0.01 % of the earth's crust and is obtained commercially from such ores as chalcopyrite (CuFeS 2 ). Copper is also found in biological complexes such as hemocyanin. 4.2 Copper enters water supplies through the natural process of dissolution of minerals, through industrial effluents, through its use, as copper sulfate, to control biological growth in some reservoirs and distribution systems, and through corrosion of copper alloy water pipes. Industries whose wastewaters may contain significant concentrations of copper include mining, ammunition production, and most metal plating and finishing operations. It may occur in simple ionic form or in one of many complexes with such groups as cyanide, chloride, ammonia, or organic ligands. 4.3 Although its salts, particularly copper sulfate, inhibit biological growth such as some algae and bacteria, copper is considered essential to human nutrition and is not considered a toxic chemical at concentrations normally found in water supplies. 4.4 ICP-MS or ICP-AES may also be appropriate but at a higher instrument cost. See Test Methods D5673 and D1976 .