1.1 这些参考射线照片说明了铝合金和镁合金铸件中可能发现的不连续的类型和程度。图示铸件的厚度为 1. / 4. 在里面（6.35毫米）和 3. / 4. 在里面（19.1毫米）。参考射线底片是本文件的附件，如有必要，应单独从ASTM International购买。 1.2 这些胶片参考射线照片不是为了说明在进行数字射线照相时在铝合金和镁合金铸件中发现的不连续类型和程度。 如果对铝合金铸件进行数字射线照相，请参阅数字参考图像标准 E2422 . 如果对镁合金铸件进行数字射线照相，请参阅数字参考图像标准 E2869年 . 1.3 在没有其他适用文件的情况下，本文件可用于买方和制造商之间已达成协议的其他材料厚度。 1.4 有时，参考射线照片辅助材料的制造工艺可能会有微小变化。 这些变化可能包括所用薄膜或加工化学品的变化、硬纸板垫模具或印刷的变化等。；然而，在所有情况下，这些变化均由插图监测小组委员会审查，并根据固定原型图像审查所有参考射线照片，以确保参考射线照片所代表的验收水平没有变化。因此，无论文本标准的生产日期或修订水平如何，附加参考射线照片均适用于本标准。 1.5 单位- 以英寸-磅为单位的数值应视为标准值。括号中给出的值是到国际单位制的数学转换，仅供参考，不被视为标准值。 注1: 第一卷:参考射线照片集由13块覆盖铝合金铸件不连续性的平板和10块覆盖镁合金铸件不连续性的平板组成。每个板固定在一个8 1. / 2. 11之前 在里面（216 x 279） mm）硬纸板框架和每个板说明了大约2×2的不连续性的八个严重等级 在里面 （51乘51 mm）面积。纸板框架包含在一个10 1. / 2. 11之前 1. / 2. 在里面（267乘292） mm）环形粘合剂。参考射线照片不受本次修订的影响。自原始版本以来，未对辅助参考射线照片进行任何修订。任何版本的附加参考射线照片均有效，并可用于本标准。 第二卷:参考射线照片集由四块板组成，仅覆盖镁合金铸件中的不连续性。每个板固定在一个8 1. / 2. 11之前 在里面（216 x 279） mm）硬纸板框架，并说明了不连续性的八个严重等级（离散不连续性除外，其中每个不连续性仅给出一个示例）。 注2: 适用于1英寸以下铝和镁压铸件的参考射线照片。（25 mm）的厚度包含在参考射线照片中 E505 . 1.6 本标准并非旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如有）。本标准的用户有责任在使用前制定适当的安全、健康和环境实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。 1.7 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒（TBT）委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认标准化原则制定的。 ====意义和用途====== 4.1 根据本标准使用参考射线照片的人员应根据国家或国际公认的无损检测人员资格认证惯例或标准（如ANSI/ASNT-CP-189、SNT-TC-1A、NAS 410、ISO 9712或类似文件）进行射线照相解释，并经业主或认证机构认证（如适用）。使用的惯例或标准及其适用版本应在使用方之间的合同协议中确定。应提供经认证的三级人员，以协助解释适用于参考射线照片的规范和产品要求（如果三级人员是射线照相口译员，则可能是同一个人）。 4.2 这些射线照片仅供参考，但其设计应确保可根据这些射线照片规定验收标准，这些验收标准可根据特殊要求制定。插图是在设计用于形成不连续性的条件下生产的铸件的射线照片。的射线照片 1. / 4. 在里面(6.35 mm）铸件拟用于以下厚度范围: 1. / 2. 在里面（12.7毫米）。的射线照片 3. / 4. 在里面(19.1 mm）铸件拟用于厚度超过 1. / 2. 在里面小于等于2 在里面(51 毫米）。分组和命名系统基于对使这些参考射线照片具有最大可能价值的最佳实用方法的考虑。 4.3 薄膜劣化 -射线照相胶片在搬运和使用过程中会受到磨损。图像随时间恶化的程度取决于存储条件、处理注意事项和使用量。参考射线底片也不例外，随着时间的推移，可能会出现图像质量下降。因此，应定期检查射线照片是否有磨损迹象，包括划痕、擦伤、污渍等。 应更换任何显示过度磨损迹象的参考射线照片，这可能会影响射线照片的解释和使用。

1.1 These reference radiographs illustrate the types and degrees of discontinuities that may be found in aluminum-alloy and magnesium-alloy castings. The castings illustrated are in thicknesses of 1 / 4 in. (6.35 mm) and 3 / 4 in. (19.1 mm). The reference radiograph films are an adjunct to this document and shall be purchased separately from ASTM International if needed. 1.2 These film reference radiographs are not intended to illustrate the types and degrees of discontinuities found in aluminum-alloy and magnesium-alloy castings when performing digital radiography. If performing digital radiography of aluminum-alloy castings, refer to Digital Reference Image Standard E2422 . If performing digital radiography of magnesium-alloy castings, refer to Digital Reference Image Standard E2869 . 1.3 This document may be used where no other applicable document exists, for other material thicknesses for which it has been found to be applicable and for which agreement has been reached between the purchaser and the manufacturer. 1.4 From time to time, there may be minor changes to the process for manufacturing of the reference radiograph adjunct materials. These changes could include changes in the films or processing chemicals used, changes in the dies or printing for the cardboard mats, etc.; however, in all cases, these changes are reviewed by the Illustration Monitoring Subcommittee and all reference radiographs are reviewed against a fixed prototype image to ensure that there are no changes to the acceptance level represented by the reference radiographs. Therefore, the adjunct reference radiographs remain valid for use with this standard regardless of the date of production or the revision level of the text standard. 1.5 Units— The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard. Note 1: Vol I: The set of reference radiographs consists of 13 plates covering discontinuities in aluminum-alloy castings and 10 plates covering discontinuities in magnesium-alloy castings. Each plate is held in an 8 1 / 2 by 11 in. (216 by 279 mm) cardboard frame and each plate illustrates eight grades of severity for the discontinuity in approximately a 2 by 2 in. (51 by 51 mm) area. The cardboard frames are contained in a 10 1 / 2 by 11 1 / 2 in. (267 by 292 mm) ring binder. The reference radiographs are not impacted by this revision. There have been no revisions to the adjunct reference radiographs since original issue. The adjunct reference radiographs of any issue remain valid and may be used to this standard. Vol. II: The set of reference radiographs consists of four plates covering discontinuities in magnesium-alloy castings only. Each plate is held in an 8 1 / 2 by 11 in. (216 by 279 mm) cardboard frame and illustrates eight grades of severity for the discontinuity (with the exception of discrete discontinuities, where only one example of each discontinuity is given). Note 2: Reference radiographs applicable to aluminum and magnesium die castings up to 1 in. (25 mm) in thickness are contained in Reference Radiographs E505 . 1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 4.1 Personnel utilizing reference radiographs to this standard shall be qualified and authorized to perform radiographic interpretation in accordance with a nationally or internationally recognized NDT personnel qualification practice or standard such as ANSI/ASNT-CP-189, SNT-TC-1A, NAS 410, ISO 9712 or a similar document and certified by the employer or certifying agency, as applicable. The practice or standard used and its applicable revision shall be identified in the contractual agreement between the using parties. A certified Level III shall be available to assist with interpreting specifications and product requirements as applied to the reference radiographs (if the Level III is the radiographic interpreter, this may be the same person). 4.2 These radiographs are intended for reference only but are so designed that acceptance standards, which may be developed for particular requirements, can be specified in terms of these radiographs. The illustrations are radiographs of castings that were produced under conditions designed to develop the discontinuities. The radiographs of the 1 / 4 in. (6.35 mm) castings are intended to be used in the thickness range up to and including 1 / 2 in. (12.7 mm). The radiographs of the 3 / 4 in. (19.1 mm) castings are intended to be used in the thickness range of over 1 / 2 in. up to and including 2 in. (51 mm). The grouping and system of designations are based on considerations of the best practical means of making these reference radiographs of the greatest possible value. 4.3 Film Deterioration —Radiographic films are subject to wear and tear from handling and use. The extent to which the image deteriorates over time is a function of storage conditions, care in handling and amount of use. Reference radiograph films are no exception and may exhibit a loss in image quality over time. The radiographs should therefore be periodically examined for signs of wear and tear, including scratches, abrasions, stains, and so forth. Any reference radiographs which show signs of excessive wear and tear which could influence the interpretation and use of the radiographs should be replaced.