1.1 本指南 2. 涵盖干式和湿式磁粉检测技术，这是一种检测铁磁性材料表面或附近裂纹和其他不连续性的无损方法。磁粉检测可应用于原材料、半成品（坯料、初轧坯、铸件和锻件）、成品和焊缝，无论热处理或缺乏热处理。这对于预防性维护测试很有用。 1.1.1 本指南旨在帮助制定规范/标准、程序和技术。 1.2 本指南也是一个参考文件，可用于以下方面: 1.2.1 建立一种方法，通过该方法可以对单个组织推荐或要求的磁粉检测程序进行审查，以评估其适用性和完整性。 1.2.2 协助组织磁粉检测相关设施和人员。 1.2.3 协助制定材料和零件检查程序。本指南描述了针对各种尺寸和形状的铁磁性材料以及各种不同的检测要求而推荐的磁粉检测技术。由于程序和技术中存在许多可接受的差异，因此书面程序应涵盖明确的要求（见第节） 21 ). 1.3 本指南未说明、建议或规定通过这些技术检查的零件/件的验收标准。然而，应该指出的是，在显示产生后，必须对其进行解释或分类，然后进行评估。 为此，应制定单独的代码、规范或特定协议，以定义特定零件中不可接受的指示的类型、尺寸、位置、对齐度和间距、区域浓度和方向，以及零件验收前不需要移除的指示。应规定不允许返工或修理的条件。 1.4 本指南介绍了以下磁粉法技术的使用。 1.4.1 干磁粉（参见 8.4 ), 1.4.2 湿磁粉（见 8.5 ), 1.4.3 磁性泥浆/涂料磁粉（参见 8.5.7 )，和 1.4.4 聚合物磁粉（见 8.5.8 ). 1.5 人员资格- 根据本指南进行检查的人员应根据ASNT推荐实施规程No。 SNT-TC-1A，ANSI/ASNT标准CP-189，NAS 410，或根据合同或采购订单的规定。 1.6 无损检测机构- 如果是规范中所述的无损检测机构 E543 用于进行检测时，无损检测机构应满足规范的要求 E543 . 1.7 单位- 以英寸-磅为单位的数值应视为标准值。括号中给出的值是到国际单位制的数学转换，仅供参考，不被视为标准值。 1.8 警告- 许多监管机构已将汞指定为一种危险物质，可导致严重的医疗问题。汞或其蒸汽已被证明对健康有害，并对材料具有腐蚀性。 处理汞和含汞产品时应小心。有关更多信息，请参阅适用的产品安全数据表（SDS）。用户应意识到，法律可能禁止向您所在的州或国家销售汞或含汞产品，或同时销售两者。 1.9 本标准并非旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如有）。本标准的用户有责任在使用前制定适当的安全、健康和环境实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。 1.10 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒（TBT）委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认标准化原则制定的。 ====意义和用途====== 5.1 磁粉无损检测方法表明可磁化（铁磁性）的材料中存在表面和近表面不连续性。该方法可用于零件/组件或结构的生产检查，也可用于现场应用，其中设备的便携性和待检查区域的可达性是影响因素。通过使用悬浮在适当载体中的荧光颗粒，并引入适当强度的磁场，其方向尽可能接近可疑不连续的90°，可以增强该方法发现小不连续的能力（见 4.3.2 ). 更平滑的表面或脉冲电流改善了磁粉在磁场影响下的流动性，以收集在发生漏磁的表面上。

1.1 This guide 2 covers techniques for both dry and wet magnetic particle testing, a nondestructive method for detecting cracks and other discontinuities at or near the surface in ferromagnetic materials. Magnetic particle testing may be applied to raw material, semifinished material (billets, blooms, castings, and forgings), finished material and welds, regardless of heat treatment or lack thereof. It is useful for preventive maintenance testing. 1.1.1 This guide is intended as a reference to aid in the preparation of specifications/standards, procedures and techniques. 1.2 This guide is also a reference that may be used as follows: 1.2.1 To establish a means by which magnetic particle testing, procedures recommended or required by individual organizations, can be reviewed to evaluate their applicability and completeness. 1.2.2 To aid in the organization of the facilities and personnel concerned in magnetic particle testing. 1.2.3 To aid in the preparation of procedures dealing with the examination of materials and parts. This guide describes magnetic particle testing techniques that are recommended for a great variety of sizes and shapes of ferromagnetic materials and widely varying examination requirements. Since there are many acceptable differences in both procedure and technique, the explicit requirements should be covered by a written procedure (see Section 21 ). 1.3 This guide does not indicate, suggest, or specify acceptance standards for parts/pieces examined by these techniques. It should be pointed out, however, that after indications have been produced, they must be interpreted or classified and then evaluated. For this purpose there should be a separate code, specification, or a specific agreement to define the type, size, location, degree of alignment and spacing, area concentration, and orientation of indications that are unacceptable in a specific part versus those which need not be removed before part acceptance. Conditions where rework or repair is not permitted should be specified. 1.4 This guide describes the use of the following magnetic particle method techniques. 1.4.1 Dry magnetic powder (see 8.4 ), 1.4.2 Wet magnetic particle (see 8.5 ), 1.4.3 Magnetic slurry/paint magnetic particle (see 8.5.7 ), and 1.4.4 Polymer magnetic particle (see 8.5.8 ). 1.5 Personnel Qualification— Personnel performing examinations in accordance with this guide should be qualified and certified in accordance with ASNT Recommended Practice No. SNT-TC-1A, ANSI/ASNT Standard CP-189, NAS 410, or as specified in the contract or purchase order. 1.6 Nondestructive Testing Agency— If a nondestructive testing agency as described in Specification E543 is used to perform the examination, the nondestructive testing agency should meet the requirements of Specification E543 . 1.7 Units— The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard. 1.8 Warning— Mercury has been designated by many regulatory agencies as a hazardous material that can cause serious medical issues.  Mercury, or its vapor, has been demonstrated to be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials. Caution should be taken when handling mercury and mercury containing products. See the applicable product Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for additional information. Users should be aware that selling mercury or mercury containing products, or both, into your state or country may be prohibited by law. 1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.10 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 5.1 The magnetic particle method of nondestructive testing indicates the presence of surface and near-surface discontinuities in materials that can be magnetized (ferromagnetic). This method can be used for production examination of parts/components or structures and for field applications where portability of equipment and accessibility to the area to be examined are factors. The ability of the method to find small discontinuities can be enhanced by using fluorescent particles suspended in a suitable vehicle and by introducing a magnetic field of the proper strength whose orientation is as close as possible to 90° to the direction of the suspected discontinuity (see 4.3.2 ). A smoother surface or a pulsed current improves mobility of the magnetic particles under the influence of the magnetic field to collect on the surface where magnetic flux leakage occurs.