1.1 本规程描述了一种选择涂有疑似含铅涂料的建筑构件样品的方法。这些样本是从拆除、翻新、铅危害控制、减少或其他项目中产生的碎片废物流中收集的。随后由实验室对样品进行铅分析。 1.1.1 假设碎屑废物流有不止一个涂漆部件，例如金属门、木门和木窗饰。 1.2 本规程仅适用于取样测试铅，不包括其他金属或有机化合物的取样考虑因素。这一做法也不包括为确定废物的其他可能危险特性而进行取样的考虑。 1.3 该实践假设包括碎片废物流的各个组分类型至少部分分离，并且可以估计碎片废物流中每种类型的组分的体积。 1.4 以国际单位制表示的数值应视为标准。SI单位后括号中给出的值仅供参考，不被视为标准值。 1.5 本标准并不旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如有）。本标准的使用者有责任在使用前制定适当的安全、健康和环境实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。 1.6 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认的标准化原则制定的。 ====意义和用途====== 5.1 使用本规程收集的废物样本提供了代表性样本，供实验室使用TCLP进行分析。 5.2 TCLP用于模拟在无内衬固体废物填埋场中，含铅废物和城市固体废物共存时，铅从掩埋的含铅废物转移到地下水系统。TCLP试图模拟雨水或地下水浸出，或两者兼而有之。对于产生地下（地下）浸出过程预测值的程序，必须选择废物体积的代表性样本并提交进行浸出和分析。采样、浸出和分析过程的结果用于确定要遵守的废物处理和处置协议，并记录是否符合适用的法律、法规和要求。 该实践通过定义一种基于成分体积的方法来收集和组装可能含有异质成分的固体废物流的代表性样本，从而解决采样过程。 5.3 基于体积的废物流样本的收集是基于这样一个事实，即TCLP渗滤液铅浓度限值，与其他此类TCLP限值一样，是基于垃圾填埋场的空间维度制定的。 5.4 使用这种做法的个人应接受适当和安全地进行含铅废物取样的培训，并根据对此类活动有管辖权的当局的要求获得资格/认证/许可，并在进行这些程序时正确使用工具和安全设备。 5.5 这种做法可能涉及使用各种手动和电动工具对废物成分进行采样。 此类工具应由经过培训并熟悉其性能和使用的人员正确、安全地使用。 5.6 一般来说，对建筑构件进行钻孔、锯切、剪切等，以收集与整个建筑中这些构件的体积成比例的各种构件的样本。组装部件样品，并根据TCLP协议对最终组装的样品进行分析。

1.1 This practice describes a method for selecting samples of building components coated with paints suspected of containing lead. The samples are collected from the debris waste stream created during demolition, renovation, lead hazard control, abatement, or other projects. The samples are subsequently analyzed by a laboratory for lead. 1.1.1 The debris waste stream is assumed to have more than one painted component, for example, metal doors, wood doors, and wood window trim. 1.2 This practice is intended for use when sampling to test for lead only and does not include sampling considerations for other metals or for organic compounds. This practice also does not include consideration of sampling for determination of other possible hazardous characteristics of the waste. 1.3 This practice assumes that the individual component types comprising the debris waste stream are at least partially segregated and that the volume of each type of component in the debris waste stream may be estimated. 1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard. 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 5.1 Waste samples collected using this practice provide representative samples for analysis in a laboratory using the TCLP. 5.2 The TCLP is used to simulate the transfer of lead from buried lead-containing waste into the ground water system upon codisposal of the lead-containing waste and municipal solid waste in unlined solid-waste landfills. The TCLP attempts to simulate rain or ground water leaching, or both. For the procedure to yield a predictor of the subsurface (in-ground) leaching process, a representative sample of the volume of the waste must be selected and submitted for leaching and analysis. The result of the sampling, leaching, and analysis process is used to determine the waste handling and disposal protocols to be followed and to document compliance with applicable laws, regulations, and requirements. This practice addresses the sampling process by defining a component-volume-based method to collect and assemble a representative sample of a solid waste stream that may contain heterogeneous components. 5.3 The collection of a volume-based sample of the waste stream is based on the fact that the TCLP leachate lead concentration limit, like other such TCLP limits, was developed based on the spatial dimensions of landfills. 5.4 Individuals who use this practice are expected to be trained in the proper and safe conduct of sampling of lead-containing wastes, qualified/certified/licensed as required by those authorities having jurisdiction over such activities, and properly utilize tools and safety equipment when conducting these procedures. 5.5 This practice may involve use of various hand and power tools for sampling the components of the waste. It is intended that such tools should be properly and safely used by persons trained and familiar with their performance and use. 5.6 In general terms, building components are drilled, sawed, snipped, etc., to collect samples of the various components in proportion to the volume of those components in the entire building. The component samples are assembled, and the resulting assembled sample is analyzed according to the TCLP protocol.