Journal AWWA - Estimating Costs for Integrated Membrane Systems
AWWA杂志-估算集成膜系统的成本
发布日期:
1998-11-01
本文结合了最近发布的集成膜系统(IMS)中试研究中的渗透通量和污垢数据,作为模型的输入,该模型用于估算当前设计经验以外规模的电厂的资本和运行维护成本。根据中试规模观察到的膜污染率、相关清洗间隔、反洗频率、渗透通量和给水回收率,估算了由于化学清洗间隔变化(由渗透通量和给水回收率变化引起)而产生的纳滤(NF)成本。
比较了使用微滤(MF)、超滤(UF)和常规处理技术在NF之前处理地表水的集成膜系统的成本。还估算了大型系统(>3.8 x 10^4 m^3/d[10 mgd])的成本,并与现有膜装置成本调查得出的外推结果进行了比较。结果将在本文中讨论。包括25个参考文献、表格和图表。
This article incorporates permeate flux and fouling data from a recently published integrated membrane system (IMS) pilot study as inputs to a model for estimating capital and operation and maintenance costs developed for plants at scales beyond current design experience. Nanofiltration (NF) costs attributable to variations in chemical cleaning intervals (resulting from changes in permeate flux and feedwater recovery) were estimated based on membrane fouling rates, associated cleaning intervals, backwashing frequencies, permeate fluxes, and feedwater recoveries observed at pilot scale. Costs of integrated membrane systems using microfiltration (MF), ultrafiltration (UF), and conventional treatment to treat surface water prior to NF were compared. Costs of large systems (>3.8 x 10^4 m^3/d [10 mgd]) were also estimated and compared with extrapolations from cost surveys of existing membrane installations. Results are discussed within the article. Includes 25 references, tables, figures.