1.1本指南涵盖了锚和锚固系统的类别，并讨论了在选择能够抵抗重力荷载和施加荷载的锚或系统时应考虑的设计原则。 1.2本指南规定了石材锚固设计的基本要求，并提供了这些设计考虑因素的实用清单。 1.3本指南涉及: 1.3.1将石板直接锚固到建筑结构上以进行支撑， 1.3.2将这些支撑系统连接到建筑结构后，将石板锚固到副框架或幕墙组件上， 1.3.3在将这些支撑系统连接到建筑结构之前，将石板锚固到具有预组装石质覆层的子框架或幕墙组件上，以及 1.3.4监督和检查上述设备的制造和安装。 1.4遵守所有适用法规、制造商的具体建议和接口工作标准。 1.5以英寸-磅为单位的数值应视为标准值。括号中给出的值是到国际单位制的数学转换，仅供参考，不被视为标准值。 1.6 本标准并非旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如有）。本标准的用户有责任在使用前制定适当的安全和健康实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。（见表1和表2。） 表1尺寸石材规格 石刻 ASTM规范 方解石 A. C503型 白云石 A. C503型 花岗岩 C615型 石灰石 B C568型 大理石（外部） B C503型 石英基 B C616型 石英岩 A. C616型 石英砂岩 A. C616型 砂岩 A. C616型 蛇纹石 A. C503型 蛇纹石 C1526 板岩（屋顶） C406型 板岩（墙） C629型 钙华 A. C1527 A. 这种石头类型是一个亚类。 B 这种石头类型有子分类或等级。 表2尺寸石料试验方法 措施 ASTM试验方法 液体孔隙度和相对密度 C97 弯曲产生的组合剪切和拉伸单位强度 C99 极限破碎单位强度 C170 弯曲的一次拉伸单位强度 C880 将锚安装在支撑支撑结构上的面板的承载力和挠度 C1201 单个锚强度 C1354 使用寿命的加速生产 E632 图1定位销 图2切口锚 图3杆和塞锚 图4粘合剂嵌入螺纹锚 图5点荷载预防 图5点荷载预防（续） （续） 图6圆盘锚 图7组合锚 ====意义和用途====== 本指南旨在供设计或安装建筑结构外部石材覆层的建筑师、工程师和承包商使用。 本指南是工程设计考虑、文件、材料考虑、锚固类型应用和安装工艺的行业标准，以帮助设计师和安装人员实现适当和耐用的石材覆层。 石材及其支撑系统是建筑物表皮的一部分，应与其他接口系统（如幕墙和上部结构框架）的行为和性能兼容。 每个石材工程应用应符合适用的建筑规范。 本指南的目的不是取代针对特定石材类型的已发布建议。除本指南的建议外，还应审查和考虑其他石材行业出版物的规定。应根据项目规范和要求考虑所有行业信息。 如果此类出版物的规定与本指南中的规定不同，如果4.4中定义的石材专家针对单个项目的具体条件提出建议，则遵循出版物的规定是可以接受的做法。 由于石材性质不同，建议使用的石材相关性质的范围和可变性应通过使用良好工程原理评估的测试和统计方法确定。在适用的情况下，使用最新的测试数据。始终参考相关现有结构经验证的性能。 应考虑性能随时间的变化。 所有建筑系统和组件（包括石块）的整体行为应相互兼容。 石材专家 — 有些情况需要专业知识来选择和规划适当的锚固系统，制定适当的测试要求，解释测试，设计和设计锚固系统，或监测其制造和安装。专家是指通过在尺寸石的使用、选择、设计和安装方面提供特定的专家经验来补充项目团队能力的人。 建议使用特殊专业知识以实现可靠安装的特殊条件: 可能考虑或指定未知或可疑性能记录的复杂连接或锚固方法； 指定系统和材料的性能记录未知或有疑问； 当同一立面上出现多个覆层材料时； 支撑结构或备份在任何方向上是否比L/600更灵活； 如果极端荷载可能由地震、飓风、龙卷风或安装和处理方法引起； 以特殊建筑规范要求为准。 如果石材行业出版物或项目规范的规定与本指南不同。

1.1 This guide covers the categories of anchors and anchoring systems and discusses the design principles to be considered in selecting anchors or systems that will resist gravity loads and applied loads. 1.2 This guide sets forth basic requirements for the design of stone anchorage and provides a practical checklist of those design considerations. 1.3 This guide pertains to: 1.3.1 The anchoring of stone panels directly to the building structure for support, 1.3.2 The anchoring of stone panels to subframes or to curtainwall components after these support systems are attached to the building structure, 1.3.3 The anchoring of stone panels to subframes or to curtainwall components with stone cladding preassembled before these support systems are attached to the building structure, and 1.3.4 The supervision and inspection of fabrication and installation of the above. 1.4 Observe all applicable regulations, specific recommendations of the manufacturers, and standards governing interfacing work. 1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard. 1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. (See Tables 1 and 2.) TABLE 1 Dimension Stone Specifications Stone Type ASTM Specification Calcite A C503 Dolomite A C503 Granite C615 Limestone B C568 Marble (exterior) B C503 Quartz-Based B C616 Quartzite A C616 Quartzitic Sandstone A C616 Sandstone A C616 Serpentine A C503 Serpentine C1526 Slate (roof) C406 Slate (walls) C629 Travertine A C1527 A This stone type is a subclassification. B This stone type has subclassifications or grades. TABLE 2 Dimension Stone Test Methods Measures ASTM Test Method liquid porosity and relative density C97 combined shear with tensile unit strength from bending C99 ultimate crushing unit strength C170 primary tensile unit strength from bending C880 capacity and deflections of panels assembled with their anchors onto their supporting backup structure C1201 individual anchor strength C1354 accelerated production of service life E632 FIG. 1 Dowel Anchor FIG. 2 Kerf Anchor FIG. 3 Rod and Plug Anchor FIG. 4 Adhesive Embedded Threaded Anchor FIG. 5 Point Loading Prevention FIG. 5Point Loading Prevention (continued) (continued) FIG. 6 Disc Anchor FIG. 7 Combined Anchor ====== Significance And Use ====== This guide is intended to be used by architects, engineers, and contractors who either design or install exterior stone cladding for architectural structures. This guide is an industry standard for engineering design considerations, documentation, material considerations, anchor type applications, and installation workmanship to assist designers and installers to achieve a proper and durable stone cladding. Stone and its support systems are part of a building's skin and shall be compatible with the behavior and performance of other interfacing systems, such as the curtainwall and superstructure frame. Every stone work application shall comply with applicable building codes. It is not the intent of this Guide to supercede published recommendations for specific stone types. Provisions of other dimension stone industry publications should be reviewed and considered in addition to this Guide's recommendations. All industry information should be considered with respect to project specifications and requirements. If provisions of such publications differ from those in this Guide, it is acceptable practice to follow the publication's provisions if recommended by the stone specialist defined in 4.4 for the specific conditions of the individual project. Because stone properties vary, the range and variability of pertinent properties of the stone proposed for use should be determined by testing and statistical methods that are evaluated using sound engineering principles. Use recent test data where applicable. Always reference proven performance of relevant existing structures. Changes in properties over time shall be considered. Overall behaviors of all building systems and components including the stone shall be interactively compatible. Stone Specialist — Some conditions require professional expertise to select and plan a proper anchoring system, establish appropriate testing requirements, interpret tests, design and engineer the anchoring system, or monitor its fabrication and installation. A specialist is a person that complements the capabilities of the project team by contributing specific expert experience with the use, selection, design, and installation of dimension stone. Particular conditions where special expertise is suggested to achieve a reliable installation: Where complex connections or anchoring methods of unknown or questionable performance records are likely to be considered or specified; Where the performance record of the specified systems and materials is not known or questionable; When multiple cladding materials occur on the same facade; If the supporting structure or backup is more flexible than L/600 in any direction; If extreme loading could be caused by seismic, hurricane, tornado, or installation and handling methods; When special building code requirements prevail. If provisions of stone industry publications or project specifications differ from this guide.