1.1 这些试验方法涵盖了在室温下对任何形式的金属材料进行的拉伸试验，特别是屈服强度、屈服点伸长率、拉伸强度、伸长率和面积减少的测定方法。 1.2 大多数圆形试样的标距长度要求为4D E8 和5D用于 E8M 。标距长度是 E8 和 E8M 试样。根据行业范围内的协议，由粉末冶金（P/M）材料制成的试样不受此要求的约束，以将材料压制到特定的投影面积和密度。 1.3 这些试验方法的规定可能需要在特定材料的个别规范或试验方法中做出例外规定。 有关示例，请参见测试方法和定义 A370 和试验方法 B557 和 b5.57亿 . 1.4 室温应视为10 °C至38 °C[50 °F至100°F]，除非另有规定。 1.5 以国际单位制表示的数值应视为独立于英寸/磅单位。每个系统中规定的数值并不完全相等；因此，每个系统必须彼此独立地使用。将两个系统的值合并可能导致不符合标准。 1.6 本标准并不旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如有）。本标准的使用者有责任在使用前制定适当的安全、健康和环境实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。 1.7 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认的标准化原则制定的。 ====意义和用途====== 4.1 拉伸试验提供了材料在单轴拉伸应力下的强度和延展性信息。这些信息可能有助于在某些情况下对材料、合金开发、质量控制和设计进行比较。 4.2 从零件或材料的选定部分加工成标准尺寸的试样的拉伸试验结果可能并不完全代表整个最终产品或其内部的强度和延展性- 不同环境中的服务行为。 4.3 这些测试方法被认为是符合商业装运验收测试要求的。为此，测试方法已在行业中广泛使用。

1.1 These test methods cover the tension testing of metallic materials in any form at room temperature, specifically, the methods of determination of yield strength, yield point elongation, tensile strength, elongation, and reduction of area. 1.2 The gauge lengths for most round specimens are required to be 4D for E8 and 5D for E8M . The gauge length is the most significant difference between E8 and E8M test specimens. Test specimens made from powder metallurgy (P/M) materials are exempt from this requirement by industry-wide agreement to keep the pressing of the material to a specific projected area and density. 1.3 Exceptions to the provisions of these test methods may need to be made in individual specifications or test methods for a particular material. For examples, see Test Methods and Definitions A370 and Test Methods B557 , and B557M . 1.4 Room temperature shall be considered to be 10 °C to 38 °C [50 °F to 100°F] unless otherwise specified. 1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as separate from inch/pound units. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore each system must be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard. 1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 4.1 Tension tests provide information on the strength and ductility of materials under uniaxial tensile stresses. This information may be useful in comparisons of materials, alloy development, quality control, and design under certain circumstances. 4.2 The results of tension tests of specimens machined to standardized dimensions from selected portions of a part or material may not totally represent the strength and ductility properties of the entire end product or its in-service behavior in different environments. 4.3 These test methods are considered satisfactory for acceptance testing of commercial shipments. The test methods have been used extensively in the trade for this purpose.