1.1 这些试验方法涵盖了通过最可能数（MPN）技术检测和计数水中或水形成沉积物中硫酸盐还原菌的程序。 1.2 提供两种介质准备。介质A用试剂级水制备，介质B用待采样水作为水源制备。培养基B用于硫酸盐还原细菌菌株适应非典型非淡水环境的特殊条件。 1.3 为了分离和计数与石油和天然气生产相关的水中遇到的嗜热硫酸盐还原菌，所有肉汤、稀释空白和培养必须保持在至少45°C的温度下，最好在样品温度下保持在5°C以内。 1.4 这些试验方法的灵敏度可以通过在使用前立即用氮气吹扫稀释空白和介质管来提高。 1.5 分析员应意识到，根据实践需要，为精度和偏差陈述提供足够的协作数据 D2777 未提供。参见第节 11 详细信息。 1.6 以国际单位制表示的数值应视为标准值。本标准不包括其他计量单位。 1.7 本标准并非旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如有）。本标准的用户有责任在使用前制定适当的安全和健康实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。 ====意义和用途====== 5.1 硫酸盐还原菌广泛分布于海洋和淡水泥浆中，因此，在异化硫酸盐还原过程中，这些微生物经常会产生硫化氢。 5.2 据报道 脱硫弧菌 spp.在活跃增殖期间每升可形成多达10克的硫化物。硫酸盐还原菌可导致水或废水管道以及石油和天然气管道的外部或内部腐蚀。硫酸盐还原菌在适当条件下大量生长形成原电池，使腐蚀比硫化氢对金属或混凝土的影响更严重。

1.1 These test methods cover the procedure for the detection and enumeration by the most probable number (MPN) technique of sulfate-reducing bacteria in water or water-formed deposits. 1.2 Two media preparations are provided. Medium A which is prepared with reagent grade water, and Medium B which is prepared using the water to be sampled as the water source. Medium B is offered for those special conditions where sulfate-reducing bacterial strains have adapted to atypical non-fresh water environment. 1.3 For the isolation and enumeration of thermophilic sulfate-reducing bacteria encountered in waters associated with oil and gas production, all broths, dilution blanks, and incubations must be maintained at temperatures of at least 45°C and preferably within 5°C at the sample temperature. 1.4 The sensitivity of these test methods can be increased by purging the dilution blanks and tubes of media with nitrogen immediately prior to use. 1.5 The analyst should be aware that adequate collaborative data for precision and bias statements as required by Practice D2777 are not provided. See Section 11 for details. 1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. ====== Significance And Use ====== 5.1 Sulfate-reducing bacteria are widely distributed in marine and fresh water muds which, in consequence, frequently are laden with the hydrogen sulfide produced by these organisms during dissimilatory sulfate reduction. 5.2 It has been reported that Desulfovibrio spp. can form as much as 10 g of sulfide per litre during active multiplication. Sulfate-reducing bacteria can cause the external or internal corrosion of water or wastewater pipelines and pipelines for petroleum and natural gas. The formation of galvanic cells by massive growth of sulfate-reducing bacteria under suitable conditions makes the corrosion much worse than just the effect of the hydrogen sulfide on the metal or concrete.