1.1 本标准规定了锗探测器的校准、使用和性能测试技术，用于测量反应堆剂量测定辐射计量中放射性核素的伽马射线发射率。该实践仅适用于小尺寸的样本，近似于点源。它涵盖了能量和全能量峰值效率校准以及0.06中伽马射线能量的确定 MeV至2 MeV能量区，设计用于产生不确定度为±3的伽马射线发射率 % （参见 注释1 ). 该技术适用于不涉及重叠峰值的测量，并且其中峰值- 对连续体的考虑并不重要。 注1: 不确定性 U 在第68页给出 % 置信水平；也就是说， 其中δ 我 是估计的最大系统不确定性，以及σ 我 68的随机不确定性 % 置信水平。正在使用其他错误分析技术 ( 1. , 2. ) . 2. 1.2 IEEE/ANSI N42.14和指南中提供了有关辐射探测器和测量的设置、校准和质量控制的其他信息 第1402页 和实践 天7282 . 1.3 以国际单位制表示的数值通常被视为标准。拉德是个例外。 1.4 本标准并非旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如有）。 本标准的使用者有责任在使用前制定适当的安全、健康和环境实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。 1.5 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认的标准化原则制定的。 ====意义和用途====== 5.1 高纯度锗探测器用于精确伽马- 射线光谱法，用于测定材料中的放射性。典型的应用包括监测、绘制和表征核反应堆或同位素裂变源中的中子能谱。

1.1 This standard establishes techniques for calibration, usage, and performance testing of germanium detectors for the measurement of gamma-ray emission rates of radionuclides in radiation metrology for reactor dosimetry. The practice is applicable only to samples of small size, approximating to point sources. It covers the energy and full-energy peak efficiency calibration as well as the determination of gamma-ray energies in the 0.06 MeV to 2 MeV energy region and is designed to yield gamma-ray emission rates with an uncertainty of ±3 % (see Note 1 ). This technique applies to measurements that do not involve overlapping peaks, and in which peak-to-continuum considerations are not important. Note 1: Uncertainty U is given at the 68 % confidence level; that is, where δ i are the estimated maximum systematic uncertainties, and σ i are the random uncertainties at the 68 % confidence level. Other techniques of error analysis are in use ( 1 , 2 ) . 2 1.2 Additional information on the setup, calibration, and quality control for radiometric detectors and measurements is given in IEEE/ANSI N42.14 and in Guide C1402 and Practice D7282 . 1.3 The values stated in SI units are generally to be regarded as standard. The rad is an exception. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 5.1 High-purity germanium detectors are used for precise gamma-ray spectroscopy for the purpose of determining radioactivity in materials. Typical applications include monitoring, mapping, and characterization of neutron energy spectra in nuclear reactors or isotopic fission sources.