1.1 本规程描述了从取样点到主容器中自动获取液态石油和石油产品、原油和中间产品样品的一般程序和设备。本规程还提供了有关样品容器选择、制备和样品处理的其他具体信息。如果取样是为了精确测定挥发性，请使用实践 第5842页 （API） 最大功率管理系统 第8.4章）结合本实践。关于样品的混合和处理，请参阅实践 第5854页 （API） 最大功率管理系统 第8.3章）。本规程不包括电气绝缘油和液压油的取样。 1.2 目录: 部分 引言 范围 1. 参考文件 2. 术语 3. 意义和用途 4. 第一部分-概述 代表性取样组件 5. 设计标准 6. 自动采样系统 7. 采样位置 8. 流动流的混合 9 相称性 10 样品提取器抓取量 11 容器 12 样品处理和混合 13 控制系统 14 示例系统安全性 15 系统验证（性能验收测试） 16 性能监控 17 第二部分-原油 原油 18 第三部分-精制产品 精制产品 19 关键字 关键词 20 附件 基于样本数量的误差幅度计算 附件A1 选择取样器探头位置的理论计算 附件A2 便携式取样装置 附件A3 剖面性能测试 附件A4 采样器验收测试数据 附件A5 附录 自动采样系统设计数据表 附录X1 沉积物和水的百分比与卸载时间段的比较 附录X2 采样频率和采样系统监控电子表格 附录X3 采样系统监测附加诊断 附录X4 1.3 单位- 以国际单位制或美国习惯单位（USC）表示的数值应单独视为标准。每个系统中规定的值可能不是精确的等效值；因此，每个系统应独立于其他系统使用。将两个系统的值组合在一起可能会导致不符合标准。 除非没有直接的SI等效物，例如国家管道螺纹/直径或管道。 1.4 本标准并非旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如有）。本标准的使用者有责任在使用前制定适当的安全、健康和环境实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。 1.5 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认的标准化原则制定的。 ====意义和用途====== 4.1 需要石油和石油产品的代表性样品来确定化学和物理财产，这些属性用于确定标准体积、价格以及是否符合商业条款和监管要求。本规程不包括电气绝缘油和液压油的取样。本规程未涉及如何在低于水的冰点的温度下对原油进行取样。 第一部分-概述 本部分适用于所有石油液体取样，无论是原油还是精炼产品。在设计或安装任何自动采样系统之前，请查看本节内容。

1.1 This practice describes general procedures and equipment for automatically obtaining samples of liquid petroleum and petroleum products, crude oils, and intermediate products from the sample point into the primary container. This practice also provides additional specific information about sample container selection, preparation, and sample handling. If sampling is for the precise determination of volatility, use Practice D5842 (API MPMS Chapter 8.4) in conjunction with this practice. For sample mixing and handling, refer to Practice D5854 (API MPMS Chapter 8.3). This practice does not cover sampling of electrical insulating oils and hydraulic fluids. 1.2 Table of Contents: Section INTRODUCTION Scope 1 Referenced Documents 2 Terminology 3 Significance and Use 4 PART I–GENERAL Representative Sampling Components 5 Design Criteria 6 Automatic Sampling Systems 7 Sampling Location 8 Mixing of the Flowing Stream 9 Proportionality 10 Sample Extractor Grab Volume 11 Containers 12 Sample Handling and Mixing 13 Control Systems 14 Sample System Security 15 System Proving (Performance Acceptance Tests) 16 Performance Monitoring 17 PART II–CRUDE OIL Crude Oil 18 PART III–REFINED PRODUCTS Refined Products 19 KEYWORDS Keywords 20 ANNEXES Calculations of the Margin of Error based on Number of Sample Grabs Annex A1 Theoretical Calculations for Selecting the Sampler Probe Location Annex A2 Portable Sampling Units Annex A3 Profile Performance Test Annex A4 Sampler Acceptance Test Data Annex A5 APPENDIXES Design Data Sheet for Automatic Sampling System Appendix X1 Comparisons of Percent Sediment and Water versus Unloading Time Period Appendix X2 Sampling Frequency and Sampling System Monitoring Spreadsheet Appendix X3 Sampling System Monitoring—Additional Diagnostics Appendix X4 1.3 Units— The values stated in either SI units or US Customary (USC) units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard. Except where there is no direct SI equivalent, such as for National Pipe Threads/diameters, or tubing. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 4.1 Representative samples of petroleum and petroleum products are required for the determination of chemical and physical properties, which are used to establish standard volumes, prices, and compliance with commercial terms and regulatory requirements. This practice does not cover sampling of electrical insulating oils and hydraulic fluids. This practice does not address how to sample crude at temperatures below the freezing point of water. PART I—General This part is applicable to all petroleum liquid sampling whether it be crude oil or refined products. Review this section before designing or installing any automatic sampling system.