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Modeling Smoke Movement in Shafts During High-Rise Fires by a Multizone Airflow and Energy Network Program 用多区域气流和能量网络程序模拟高层火灾时竖井内的烟气运动
多区域气流网络程序越来越多地用于研究建筑物火灾期间的烟气运动。多分区程序通常无法求解能量守恒方程,因此需要指定房间/分区的温度。能量模型的缺乏限制了多区域程序模拟建筑烟雾运动的能力,尤其是在温度分布通常未知的竖井内。本文介绍了一个带有附加能量方程的多区域程序CONTAM97R,重点介绍了它在模拟烟气运动,特别是高层建筑竖井中的应用。 首先,CONTAM97R通过1/3规模的建筑楼梯间火灾实验数据进行验证,并通过高层火灾分析模型进行验证。然后,该程序被用来模拟一栋16层的建筑,一楼有一处火灾。为了用CONTAM97R对建筑竖井进行建模,我们提出并比较了两种分区方法:楼层分区策略(FZS)和自适应分区策略(AZS),当竖井有和没有空气渗透时。结果表明,FZS的精度与无量纲参数温度衰减系数成反比,?,但是可以通过增加划分竖井的区域数量来改善,直到结果不依赖于区域数量。 与TOFZ相比,AZS获得的结果具有相似的精度水平,但模拟区域较少。引文:2015年年度会议,佐治亚州亚特兰大,2015年交易,第121卷。2.
Multizone airflow network programs are increasinglyused to study smoke movement during fires in buildings. Multizoneprograms often do not solve energy conservation equations,so temperatures of rooms/zones need to be specified. Thelack of energy models limits the capability of a multizoneprogram for modeling building smoke movement, especially inshafts, where temperature distribution is often unknown. Thispaper introduces a multizone program with an added energyequation, CONTAM97R, with the focus of its application tosimulations of smoke movement, especially in shafts of highrisebuildings. First, CONTAM97R was validated by experimentaldata froma 1/3-scale building stairwell under fires, andverified by an analytical model of high-rise fires. The programwas then used to model a 16-storey building with a fire locatedat the first floor. To model the building shaft by CONTAM97R,we proposed and compared two zoning methods, floor zoningstrategy (FZS) and adaptive zoning strategy (AZS), when theshaft is with and without air infiltrations. It shows that theaccuracy of FZS is inversely related to a dimensionless parameter,the temperature attenuation coefficient,?, but can beimproved by increasing the number of zones dividing the shaftuntil the results do not depend on zone numbers. Compared toFZS, AZS obtains results of similar level of accuracy but withfewer zones for the simulations.
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