1.1 本试验方法涵盖十二种类型的橡胶硬度测量装置，称为硬度计:A、B、C、D、DO、E、M、O、OO、OOO、OOO-S和R型。还描述了测定被归类为热塑性弹性体、硫化（热固性）橡胶、弹性体材料、多孔材料、凝胶状材料和一些塑料的物质的压痕硬度的程序。 1.2 本试验方法不等同于其他压痕硬度方法和仪器类型，特别是试验方法中所述的方法和仪器 D1415 . 1.3 本试验方法不适用于涂层织物的试验。 1.4 用于测定质量、力或尺寸的所有材料、仪器或设备应可追溯至国家标准与技术研究所或其他国际公认的平行组织。 1.5 以国际单位制表示的数值应视为标准值。括号中给出的值仅供参考。国际单位制中的许多规定尺寸是从美国习惯系统直接转换而来的，以适应1975年《公制转换法》之前存在的仪器、实践和程序。 1.6 本标准并非旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如有）。本标准的用户有责任在使用前制定适当的安全、健康和环境实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。 1.7 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒（TBT）委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认标准化原则制定的。 ====意义和用途====== 4.1 本试验方法基于在规定条件下压入材料时特定类型压头的渗透。压痕硬度与渗透成反比，并取决于材料的弹性模量和粘弹性行为。 压头的几何形状和施加的力会影响测量，因此使用一种类型的硬度计获得的测量值与使用另一种类型的硬度计或用于测量硬度的其他仪器获得的测量值之间不存在简单的关系 . 该测试方法是一种主要用于控制目的的实证测试。本试验方法测定的压痕硬度与被测材料的任何基本性能之间不存在简单关系。 出于规范目的，建议使用试验方法 D785 用于中所述材料以外的材料 1.1 . 图1 （a） a型和C型压头

1.1 This test method covers twelve types of rubber hardness measurement devices known as durometers: Types A, B, C, D, DO, E, M, O, OO, OOO, OOO-S, and R. The procedure for determining indentation hardness of substances classified as thermoplastic elastomers, vulcanized (thermoset) rubber, elastomeric materials, cellular materials, gel-like materials, and some plastics is also described. 1.2 This test method is not equivalent to other indentation hardness methods and instrument types, specifically those described in Test Method D1415 . 1.3 This test method is not applicable to the testing of coated fabrics. 1.4 All materials, instruments, or equipment used for the determination of mass, force, or dimension shall have traceability to the National Institute for Standards and Technology, or other internationally recognized organizations parallel in nature. 1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only. Many of the stated dimensions in SI are direct conversions from the U. S. Customary System to accommodate the instrumentation, practices, and procedures that existed prior to the Metric Conversion Act of 1975. 1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 4.1 This test method is based on the penetration of a specific type of indentor when forced into the material under specified conditions. The indentation hardness is inversely related to the penetration and is dependent on the elastic modulus and viscoelastic behavior of the material. The geometry of the indentor and the applied force influence the measurements such that no simple relationship exists between the measurements obtained with one type of durometer and those obtained with another type of durometer or other instruments used for measuring hardness . This test method is an empirical test intended primarily for control purposes. No simple relationship exists between indentation hardness determined by this test method and any fundamental property of the material tested. For specification purposes, it is recommended that Test Method D785 be used for materials other than those described in 1.1 . FIG. 1 (a) Type A and C Indentor