1.1 本指南适用于油漆和涂料的法医红外分析，旨在补充法医油漆分析和比较指南中提供的信息 ( 1. ) 2. 由材料分析科学工作组（SWGMAT）编写。本指南仅限于讨论傅立叶变换红外（FTIR）仪器，并提供有关FTIR仪器设置、性能评估、样品制备、分析和数据解释的信息。其目的是让人们了解红外配件的要求、优点、局限性和正确使用，以及可供法医油漆检验员使用的采样方法。 将讨论以下辅助技术:FTIR显微光谱（透射和反射）、金刚石电池和衰减全反射。每个检验员或实验室或两者所采用的特定方法取决于可用设备、检验员培训、样本大小或适用性以及检验目的。本指南不涵盖所提出的许多主题的理论方面。这些可以在以下文本中找到: 涂料行业的红外光谱图谱 （涂料协会联合会，1991年） ( 2. ) 和 傅里叶变换红外光谱法 （格里菲斯和德哈塞思，1986年） ( 3. ) . 1.2 以国际单位制表示的数值应视为标准值。本标准不包括其他计量单位。 1.3 本标准并非旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如有）。本标准的用户有责任在使用前制定适当的安全、健康和环境实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。 1.4 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒（TBT）委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认标准化原则制定的。 ====意义和用途====== 5.1 FTIR光谱可用于涂料粘合剂类型和颜料的分类，以及已知和可疑涂料的光谱比较。当用于比较目的时，法医检验员的目标是确定已知样本和被质疑样本之间是否存在任何有意义的差异。 5.2 本指南旨在帮助检查员选择适当的样品制备方法和仪器参数，以分析、比较或识别油漆粘合剂和颜料。 5.3 本指南的目的不是介绍FTIR光谱的综合理论和方法。在使用本指南之前，审查员有必要了解FTIR和试样制备的一般概念。该信息可从制造商的参考资料、培训课程和参考资料中获得，例如: 红外光谱学的法医学应用 （铃木，1993） ( 4. ) , 法医涂料证据的红外显微光谱分析 （Ryland，1995） ( 5. ) , 使用红外光谱对油漆碎片进行表征 （贝弗里奇，2001年） ( 6. ) 和 涂料行业的红外光谱图谱 ( 2. ) .

1.1 This guide applies to the forensic IR analysis of paints and coatings and is intended to supplement information presented in the Forensic Paint Analysis and Comparison Guidelines ( 1 ) 2 written by Scientific Working Group on Materials Analysis (SWGMAT). This guideline is limited to the discussion of Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) instruments and provides information on FTIR instrument setup, performance assessment, sample preparation, analysis and data interpretation. It is intended to provide an understanding of the requirements, benefits, limitations and proper use of IR accessories and sampling methods available for use by forensic paint examiners. The following accessory techniques will be discussed: FTIR microspectroscopy (transmission and reflectance), diamond cell and attenuated total reflectance. The particular methods employed by each examiner or laboratory, or both, are dependent upon available equipment, examiner training, specimen size or suitability, and purpose of examination. This guideline does not cover the theoretical aspects of many of the topics presented. These can be found in texts such as An Infrared Spectroscopy Atlas for the Coatings Industry (Federation of Societies for Coatings, 1991) ( 2 ) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometry (Griffiths and de Haseth, 1986) ( 3 ) . 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 5.1 FTIR spectroscopy can be employed for the classification of paint binder types and pigments as well as for the comparison of spectra from known and questioned coatings. When used for comparison purposes, the goal of the forensic examiner is to determine whether any meaningful differences exist between the known and questioned samples. 5.2 This guide is designed to assist an examiner in the selection of appropriate sample preparation methods and instrumental parameters for the analysis, comparison or identification of paint binders and pigments. 5.3 It is not the intent of this guide to present comprehensive theories and methods of FTIR spectroscopy. It is necessary that the examiner have an understanding of FTIR and general concepts of specimen preparation prior to using this guide. This information is available from manufacturers’ reference materials, training courses, and references such as: Forensic Applications of Infrared Spectroscopy (Suzuki, 1993) ( 4 ) , Infrared Microspectroscopy of Forensic Paint Evidence (Ryland, 1995) ( 5 ) , Use of Infrared Spectroscopy for the Characterization of Paint Fragments (Beveridge, 2001) ( 6 ) , and An Infrared Spectroscopy Atlas for the Coatings Industry ( 2 ) .