在纪念隧道火灾通风测试项目之前，喷气式风扇在美国公路隧道通风中没有发挥作用。该项目包括一系列测试，评估了在火灾影响下使用射流风机进行纵向通风的性能。测试了约10、20、50和100兆瓦（MW）的火灾热释放率。试验表明，射流风机为公路隧道的烟雾和温度管理提供了积极的手段。介绍纵向（使用射流风机）和自然通风（无机械通风）试验系列的结果。讨论的纵向通风问题包括隧道空气流量、临界速度、火灾对气流的影响、火灾对下游风机的影响、风机响应时间的影响以及车辆轮廓的影响。 讨论的自然通风问题包括浮力驱动气流的影响、空气温度以及20兆瓦和50兆瓦火灾产生的烟层分层程度。单位:双关键词:1997年，隧道，排烟，火灾，美国，测试，喷气机，风扇，道路，汽车，温度，空气温度，空气流量，自然通风，性能，测量引文:研讨会，ASHRAE交易，第103卷，第2部分，波士顿1997

Jet fans did not play a part in road tunnel ventilation in the United States until the Memorial Tunnel Fire Ventilation Test Program. This programme included a series of tests that evaluated the performance of longitudinal ventilation using jet fans under the influence of a fire. Fire heat release rates on the order of 10, 20, 50 and 100 megawatts (MW) were tested. The tests demonstrated that jet fans provide a positive means of smoke and temperature management in road tunnels. Presents the findings of the longitudinal (using jet fans) and natural ventilation (without mechanical ventilation) test series. The longitudinal ventilation issues that are discussed include tunnel air flow rates, critical velocity, fire effects on air flow, impact on fans downstream of the fire, the effect of fan response time, and the impact of vehicle silhouettes. The natural ventilation issues that are discussed include the impact of buoyancy-driven air flows, air temperature, and the degree of stratification of the smoke layers produced by 20- and 50-MW fires.Units: DualKEYWORDS: year 1997, Tunnels, smoke ventilation, fire, USA, testing, jets, fans, roads, motor cars, temperature, air temperature, air flow rate, natural ventilation, performance, measuring