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现行 ASTM D7005/D7005M-16(2024)
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Standard Test Method for Determining the Bond Strength (Ply Adhesion) of Geocomposites 测定土工复合材料粘结强度(层间附着力)的标准试验方法
发布日期: 2024-02-01
1.1 文献中广泛讨论了柔性多层材料的结合强度难以用现有技术测量的问题。由于所有已知的测量方法除了分离分离层所需的力之外,还包括弯曲分离层所需要的力,因此上述内容得到了认可和接受。然而,当人们意识到包括弯曲力并且不能在不同材料之间、甚至在不同厚度的相同材料之间进行直接比较时,可以获得有用的信息。此外,影响帘布层模量的调节将反映在粘结强度测量中。 1.2 该指数试验方法定义了一种比较土工复合材料粘结强度或层间附着力的程序。重点是粘在土工网或其他类型排水芯上的土工织物,例如土工布、土工间隔器等。其他可能的用途是粘在或粘在自身、土工膜、土工格栅或其他不同材料上的土工程织物。各种工艺可以制造这种层压板:粘合剂、热粘合、缝合粘合、针刺、涂布等。 1.3 以国际单位制或英寸磅单位表示的数值应单独视为标准。 每个系统中规定的值不一定是完全相等的;因此,为了确保符合标准,每个系统应独立使用,并且不得将两个系统的值组合使用。 1.4 本标准并不旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题(如有)。本标准的使用者有责任在使用前制定适当的安全、健康和环境实践,并确定监管限制的适用性。 中给出了具体的预防说明 11.1.1 . 1.5 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认的标准化原则制定的。 ====意义和用途====== 5.1 此测试方法将用作质量控制或质量保证测试。作为一种制造质量控制(MQC)测试,它通常由土工复合材料产品制造商或制造商使用。 作为一种建筑质量保证(CQA)测试,它将被认证或检验机构使用。 5.2 该测试方法也可用于验证在耐久性或耐化学性测试中暴露于各种培养基后,附着力或结合强度是否发生变化,或两者兼而有之。 5.3 无论与测试相关联的用途是什么,都应该理解这是一个索引测试。 注2: 多次尝试将该试验的结果与根据试验方法确定的相应材料的界面抗剪性联系起来 D5321/D5321M 。到目前为止,这两处房产之间尚未建立任何关系。 5.4 试验方法 D7005/D7005M 用于确定粘结强度(层间附着力)的强度可以用作土工复合材料商业装运的验收测试,但建议谨慎,因为有关实验室间精度的信息不完整。中所述的比较测试 5.4.1 是可取的。 5.4.1 在使用试验方法中的程序时,由于报告的试验结果的差异而引起争议的情况下 D7005/D7005M 对于商业装运的验收,买方和供应商应首先确认测试是使用可比较的测试参数进行的,包括样品处理、抓握面、抓握尺寸等。 然后应进行比较测试,以确定其实验室之间是否存在统计偏差。建议提供适当的统计协助来调查偏差。至少,双方应采取一组尽可能均匀的试样,这些试样来自大量有问题的材料。试样应随机分配到每个实验室进行测试。应将两个实验室的平均结果与未配对数据的学生t检验以及双方在测试开始前选择的可接受概率水平进行比较。 如果发现偏差,必须找到并纠正其原因,或者买方和供应商必须同意根据已知偏差解释未来的测试结果。参考实践 D2905 ,表1。
1.1 It has been widely discussed in the literature that bond strength of flexible multi-ply materials is difficult to measure with current technology. The above is recognized and accepted, since all known methods of measurement include the force required to bend the separated layers, in addition to that required to separate them. However, useful information can be obtained when one realizes that the bending force is included and that direct comparison between different materials, or even between the same materials of different thickness, cannot be made. Also, conditioning that affects the moduli of the plies will be reflected in the bond strength measurement. 1.2 This index test method defines a procedure for comparing the bond strength or ply adhesion of geocomposites. The focus is on geotextiles bonded to geonets or other types of drainage cores, for example, geomats, geospacers, etc. Other possible uses are geotextiles adhered or bonded to themselves, geomembranes, geogrids, or other dissimilar materials. Various processes can make such laminates: adhesives, thermal bonding, stitch bonding, needling, spread coating, etc. 1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in 11.1.1 . 1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 5.1 This test method is to be used as a quality control or quality assurance test. As a manufacturing quality control (MQC) test, it would generally be used by the geocomposite product manufacturer or fabricator. As a construction quality assurance (CQA) test, it would be used by certification or inspection organizations. 5.2 This test method can also be used to verify if the adhesion or bond strength varies after exposure to various incubation media in durability or chemical resistance testing, or both. 5.3 Whatever use is to be associated with the test, it should be understood that this is an index test. Note 2: There have been numerous attempts to relate the results of this test to the interface shearing resistance of the respective materials determined per Test Method D5321/D5321M . To date, no relationships have been established between the two properties. 5.4 Test Method D7005/D7005M for determining the bond strength (ply adhesion) strength may be used as an acceptance test of commercial shipments of geocomposites, but caution is advised since information about between-laboratory precision is incomplete. Comparative tests as directed in 5.4.1 are advisable. 5.4.1 In the case of a dispute arising from differences in reported test results when using the procedure in Test Method D7005/D7005M for acceptance of commercial shipments, the purchaser and the supplier should first confirm that the tests were conducted using comparable test parameters including specimen conditioning, grip faces, grip size, etc. Comparative tests should then be conducted to determine if there is a statistical bias between their laboratories. Competent statistical assistance is recommended for the investigation of bias. As a minimum, the two parties should take a group of test specimens that are as homogeneous as possible and that are from a lot of the material in question. The test specimens should be randomly assigned to each laboratory for testing. The average results from the two laboratories should be compared to the Student's t-test for unpaired data and an acceptable probability level chosen by the two parties before the testing is begun. If a bias is found, either its cause must be found and corrected or the purchaser and supplier must agree to interpret future test results in the light of the known bias. Refer to Practice D2905 , Table 1.
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